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. 2010 Jun;12(6):1659–1673. doi: 10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02214.x

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© 2010 Society for Applied Microbiology and Blackwell Publishing Ltd

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Fig. 4 — Simplified schematic representation of the AQ-dependent QS in P. aeruginosa (modified from Diggle et al., 2007). HHQ, the immediate precursor of PQS, drives the expression of the pqsABCDE operon via PqsR(MvfR) and is also converted to PQS by the action of the monooxygenase, PqsH. PQS also drives pqsABCDE expression via PqsR. PqsE positively regulates biofilm, swarming virulence and secondary metabolite gene expression but negatively regulates pqsABCDE expression. PQS also binds ferric iron which results in the induction of high affinity siderophore iron transport genes. AHL and AQ-dependent QS are linked because LasR/3-oxo-C12-HSL is required for maximal expression of pqsH and pqsR whereas pqsR and pqsABCDE are repressed by RhlR/C4-HSL.