Group A streptococci isolated from patients with either superficial throat or skin infections, in several locales throughout the world by numerous investigators, had been characterized for emm type [15–25]; based on the emm type, the emm pattern group is inferred [12]. The percentage of isolates in each emm pattern group is depicted for the eight pharyngitis and six impetigo collections of group A streptococci.
†Aboriginal populations of tropical Australia.