Table 2.
Factors Associated with 24-Week Mortality After Initial ART Virologic Failure
| - Univariate - | - Multivariate - | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | N | 24-Week Mortality no. (%) |
P* | Odds Ratio 95% CI |
| All patients | 141 | 8 (6) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Female | 71 | 4 (6) | ||
| Male | 70 | 4 (6) | 0.98 | 1.5 (0.2 – 12.3) |
| History of suboptimal ART | ||||
| None | 113 | 7 (6) | ||
| Prior dual or monotherapy | 28 | 1 (4) | 0.6 | 0.4 (0.03 – 7.2) |
| HIV-1 drug resistance at initial ART failure | ||||
| ≥1 resistance mutation | 122 | 5 (4) | ||
| No resistance | 19 | 3 (16) | 0.06 | 2.1 (0.1 – 36.2) |
| Subsequent regimen type1 | ||||
| LPV/r-based ART | 114 | 2 (2) | ||
| NNRTI-based ART | 20 | 3 (15) | 0.02 | 6.3 (0.5 – 83.9) |
| CD4 cell count at initial ART failure (cells/ul)2 | ||||
| ≥100 | 110 | 2 (2) | ||
| <100 | 29 | 5 (17) | 0.005 | 7.9 (0.8 – 79.7) |
| HIV-1 RNA viral load at initial ART failure (copies/mL)3 | ||||
| ≥ 100,000 | 27 | 2 (7) | ||
| < 100,000 | 113 | 6 (5) | 0.7 | 4.1 (0.3 – 63.7) |
| WHO clinical stage at initial ART failure4 | ||||
| Stage III or Stage IV | 64 | 6 (9) | ||
| Stage I or Stage II | 47 | 2 (4) | 0.5 | 0.4 (0.04 – 5.8) |
*
P-values are for univariate logistic regression model; odds ratio refer to the multivariate model logistic regression model.
1
Seven patients did not initiate a regimen after virologic failure and three patients from this group died.
2
One patient who died did not have a CD4 count at first ART failure
3
One patient who survived did not have a viral load within 8 weeks of first ART failure
4
Thirty patients who survived did not have a recorded WHO staged at first ART failure