TABLE 2.

Proton pump inhibitors and the risk of hip fracture, by increasing daily dose and cumulative duration of use

	Cumulative Duration (years)
	No use	<1	1–1.9	2–3.9	4–5.9	6–7.9	8–9.9	≥10
Pills per day		Adjusted Odds Ratios and 95% Confidence Intervals1
0.01–0.74	Reference2	1.08 (0.90–1.29)	1.21 (1.03–1.41)	1.23 (1.08–1.39)	1.10 (0.95–1.28)	1.35 (1.13–1.62)	0.99 (0.75–1.32)	2.07 (1.30–3.28)
0.75–1.49	Reference	1.30 (1.22–1.39)	1.36 (1.20–1.53)	1.43 (1.28–1.60)	1.18 (1.03–1.36)	1.18 (0.99–1.41)	1.36 (1.05–1.75)	1.64 (1.07–2.52)
>=1.5	Reference	1.21 (1.13–1.29)	1.51 (1.24–1.85)	1.23 (1.01–1.51)	1.59 (1.21–2.10)	1.59 (1.08–2.32)	2.39 (1.40–4.08)	1.39 (0.61–3.16)
All doses	Reference	1.25 (1.19–1.31)	1.31 (1.20–1.42)	1.34 (1.24–1.44)	1.21 (1.10–1.33)	1.33 (1.19–1.49)	1.33 (1.12–1.57)	1.85 (1.41–2.43)
Total numbers of cases and controls by duration category3
Cases	20,498	3359	863	1114	696	465	212	86
Controls	84,913	10,868	2591	3484	2317	1423	658	216

¹Cases and controls were individually matched for sex, age, duration of membership, first year of membership, and race/ethnicity; models were adjusted for a smoking diagnosis.

²Reference group for all comparisons consists of members with no PPI or H2RA use. Members in PPI user categories could also use H2RAs.

³Number of subjects for each cumulative duration category.