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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 13.
Published in final edited form as: Psychosom Med. 2008 Sep 16;70(8):890–897. doi: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e318185c510

Figure 1. Pain severity and pain interference by pain only and pain with psychiatric comorbidity groups.

Figure 1

* Unadjusted group means with standard errors (displayed as error bars) comparing pain severity and pain interference across four clinically defined groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests; main effect of group status (pain only, pain and anxiety, pain and depression, and pain, depression, and anxiety). For pain severity and interference, the overall F test value is significant (P < 0.001) for increasing severity and interference when pain is comorbid with depression and/or anxiety.

1Score range: 0 (none) to 10 (most severe) as assessed by Brief Pain Inventory

2Score range: 0 (no interference) to 10 (completely interferes) as assessed by Brief Pain Inventory