Table 4.
Positive predictive values and cancer detection rates for screening and diagnostic mammograms*
| Screening mammography (cancer prevalence = 2.2 cancers per 1000 mammograms) |
Diagnostic mammography (cancer prevalence = 17.0 cancers per 1000 mammograms) |
|||
| Characteristic | PPV1, % (95% CI) | Cancer detection rate, No. per 1000 mammograms (95% CI) | PPV2, % (95% CI) | Cancer detection rate, No. per 1000 mammograms (95% CI) |
| Total | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 1.7 (1.4 to 1.9) | 14.6 (13.3 to 15.8) | 14.3 (13.0 to 15.7) |
| Age group, y | ||||
| 18–24 | 0.0† | 0.0† | 2.3 (0.5 to 4.5) | 3.2 (0.6 to 6.4) |
| 25–29 | 1.0 (0.2 to 2.1) | 1.8 (0.4 to 3.5) | 8.0 (5.5 to 10.6) | 8.0 (5.4 to 10.8) |
| 30–34 | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.1) | 2.1 (1.2 to 3.0) | 13.8 (11.8 to 16.0) | 12.8 (10.7 to 14.9) |
| 35–39 | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 1.6 (1.3 to 1.9) | 18.6 (16.6 to 20.6) | 18.8 (16.5 to 21.1) |
| Race | ||||
| White | 1.3 (1.0 to 1.5) | 1.6 (1.3 to 2.0) | 15.2 (13.6 to 16.8) | 14.0 (12.4 to 15.6) |
| African American | 1.9 (1.1 to 2.9) | 2.6 (1.4 to 4.0) | 18.1 (14.0 to 22.4) | 23.5 (17.7 to 29.8) |
| Other | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.3) | 1.1 (0.6 to 1.6) | 10.6 (8.1 to 13.3) | 13.0 (9.8 to 16.4) |
| Family history of breast cancer | ||||
| No | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.5) | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.0) | 13.9 (12.5 to 15.2) | 13.5 (12.1 to 15.0) |
| Yes | 0.9 (0.4 to 1.5) | 1.4 (0.6 to 2.3) | 18.2 (13.1 to 23.4) | 20.4 (14.2 to 27.0) |
| Breast density | ||||
| Almost entirely fat | 0.8 (0.0 to 2.1) | 0.6 (0.0 to 1.6) | 15.8 (6.7 to 26.2) | 9.0 (3.9 to 15.0) |
| Scattered fibroglandular densities | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.6) | 1.7 (1.1 to 2.3) | 15.0 (12.1 to 18.0) | 12.4 (9.8 to 15.2) |
| Heterogeneously dense | 1.3 (0.9 to 1.7) | 1.9 (1.4 to 2.4) | 15.4 (13.3 to 17.6) | 16.0 (13.6 to 18.5) |
| Extremely dense | 1.6 (0.9 to 2.4) | 1.8 (0.9 to 2.7) | 14.9 (11.5 to 18.4) | 13.9 (10.6 to 17.5) |
| Self-reported breast lump | ||||
| No | 1.0 (0.8 to 1.2) | 1.2 (1.0 to 1.4) | 8.3 (6.0 to 10.6) | 4.7 (3.4 to 6.2) |
| Yes | 3.7 (2.5 to 4.9) | 11.4 (7.8 to 15.4) | 16.2 (14.8 to 17.7) | 19.5 (17.7 to 21.5) |
*
CI = confidence interval; PPV1 = screening positive predictive value; PPV2 = diagnostic positive predictive value.
†
There were no cancers, thus we did not calculate confidence intervals.