Table 2.

Clinical and demographic characteristics of US end-stage renal disease patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, by time intervals

Variable	1988–1991	1992–1995	1996–1999	2000–2003	P-value*
Age	65 (57–71)	66 (56–72)	64 (54–71)	63 (55–70)	<0.0001
Female gender	32.74	35.25	34.51	37.46	0.0977
Diabetes	34.51	46.22	52.33	59.66	<0.0001
Congestive heart failure	31.42	35.07	34.61	35.01	0.4871
Hypertension	38.94	53.78	68	79.4	<0.0001
Obesity	1.33	0.9	2.71	3.49	0.001
Anaemia requiring transfusion	11.5	16.19	21.36	33.66	<0.0001
Atrial fibrillation	19.47	25.18	31.44	31.27	<0.0001
Acute myocardial infarction	19.47	17.99	22.48	22.81	0.0306
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease	9.73	10.79	12.59	12.14	0.2625
Length of hospital stay, days	15 (11–27)	14 (9–22)	11 (7–16)	10 (7–16)	<0.0001

^*P-values (determined by analysis of variance models comparing 4-year periods) indicate significance for trend across the 16-year period. All values are presented as percent or mean (with 95% confidence intervals).

Interquartile differences for variables were not analysed separately; instead, the P-values indicate significance over the cumulative 16-year period.