Figure 3. Bortezomib induces regression of established human ESCC xenografts through inhibition of proliferation and apoptosis induction.

TE11 cells were grown as tumor xenografts in NOD/SCID mice. After tumor establishment, mice were dosed twice weekly with 0 (normal saline) or 1 mg/kg bortezomib i.p. (8 mice per group) for 16 days. A: photographs of representative tumors for each group at day 16. B: growth curves normalized to the start volumes. bortezomib treatment led to significant (* P<0.05) levels of tumor regression. C: Immunofluorescent staining of tumors from each group. TUNEL and Ki67 staining was done in paraffin-embedded sections (TUNEL-red, Ki67-green, DAPI-blue). Magnification 10X, scale bar: 50 μM. D: Quantification of immunofluorescence for treated and untreated tumors. Graph shows the percentage of positive cells in each group. * P<0.04.