Table 4. Peak cytokine values in relation to BPD or Death.

All variables selected by stepwise regression at p<0.2 are shown, and the variables significant at p<0.05 by subsequent multivariable logistic regression are shown in bold.

BPD or Death – Peak Cytokine Values: Days 0–21
N = 1056 (602 with outcome) R-square = 0.42 (0.56 max-rescaled)
Variable	OR	95% CI	p-value
IL-1β – 1,000 pg/ml	2.42	1.32 – 4.44	<0.01
IL-2 – 100 pg/ml	0.86	0.72 – 1.03	0.10
RANTES – 100,000 pg/ml	0.92	0.82 – 1.04	0.19
BDNF – 10,000 pg/ml	0.90	0.81 – 1.01	0.07
GMCSF – 1,000 pg/ml	3.11	0.83 – 11.66	0.09
IFN-γ – 1,000 pg/ml	2.82	1.27 – 6.27	0.01
IL-10 – 1,000 pg/ml	1.22	0.92 – 1.60	0.16
IL-17 – 1,000 pg/ml	0.42	0.22 – 0.79	<0.01
TNF-β – 1,000 pg/ml	0.60	0.39 – 0.92	0.02
TREM1 – 10,000 pg/ml	0.64	0.35 – 1.17	0.15
Gender – Female vs Male *	0.57	0.41 – 0.81	0.001
Surfactant	0.64	0.38 – 1.10	0.11
Antenatal steroids	1.32	0.86 – 2.01	0.20
Race – Nonblack vs Black *	0.73	0.50 – 1.06	0.10
Days Alive and Vent-free through 28 d	0.87	0.85 – 0.89	<0.0001
IMV	7.02	1.88 – 26.19	<0.01
Center *	varies		<0.0001
GA *	1.00	0.89 – 1.12	0.98

Odds Ratios (OR) are expressed per magnitude of change of the variable (e.g. IL-1β-1,000 pg/ml indicates that OR are per 1,000 pg/ml change in IL-1β concentration;

^*: variables forced into model.