Table 2.
Risk Factors for Relapse/Progression in Univariate and Multivariate Analyses
| Variable | No. of Patients | Univariate Analysis |
Multivariate Analysis* |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR for Relapse/Progression | 95% CI | P | HR for Relapse/Progression | 95% CI | P | ||
| All patients | |||||||
| Age at HCT, years | |||||||
| < 60 | 139 | 1.0 | .66 | 1.0 | .97 | ||
| ≥ 60 | 135 | 0.92 | 0.6 to 1.3 | 1.01 | 0.6 to 1.6 | ||
| AML etiology | .84 | ||||||
| De novo | 188 | 1.0 | .09 | 1.0 | |||
| Secondary | 86 | 1.40 | 1.0 to 2.1 | 1.06 | 0.6 to 1.8 | ||
| AML stage | |||||||
| CR1 | 160 | 1.0 | .14 | 1.0 | < .001 | ||
| CR2 | 71 | 1.06 | 0.7 to 1.7 | 2.51 | 1.4 to 4.6 | ||
| Advanced/refractory | 43 | 1.65 | 1.0 to 2.7 | 5.89 | 3.0 to 12 | ||
| MRD at HCT† | |||||||
| No | 197 | 1.0 | .02 | 1.0 | .83 | ||
| Yes | 53 | 1.76 | 1.1 to 2.8 | 1.07 | 0.6 to 1.9 | ||
| Cytogenetic risk | |||||||
| Favorable/intermediate | 131 | 1.0 | < .001 | 1.0 | .001 | ||
| Unfavorable | 85 | 2.27 | 1.5 to 3.4 | 2.71 | 1.6 to 4.6 | ||
| Unknown prognostic significance | 48 | 0.98 | 0.5 to 1.8 | 1.18 | 0.6 to 2.3 | ||
| Months from diagnosis to HCT | |||||||
| < 6 | 77 | 1.0 | < .001 | 1.0 | < .001 | ||
| 6-18 | 134 | 0.88 | 0.6 to 1.3 | 0.81 | 0.5 to 1.4 | ||
| ≥ 18 | 63 | 0.34 | 0.2 to 0.6 | 0.15 | 0.1 to 0.4 | ||
| Blood count recovery at HCT | |||||||
| Yes | 141 | 1.0 | .05 | 1.0 | .06 | ||
| No | 112 | 1.49 | 1.0 to 2.2 | 1.55 | 1.0 to 2.5 | ||
| Donor | |||||||
| HLA-identical sibling | 117 | 1.0 | .21 | 1.0 | .39 | ||
| HLA-matched unrelated donor | 134 | 0.94 | 0.6 to 1.4 | 1.03 | 0.6 to 1.7 | ||
| HLA-mismatched unrelated donor | 34 | 0.54 | 0.3 to 1.1 | 0.59 | 0.2 to 1.5 | ||
| Patients in CR1 | |||||||
| Age at HCT, years | |||||||
| < 60 | 73 | 1.0 | .17 | 1.0 | .42 | ||
| ≥ 60 | 87 | 0.71 | 0.4 to 1.2 | 0.78 | 0.4 to 1.4 | ||
| AML etiology | |||||||
| De novo | 102 | 1.0 | .26 | 1.0 | .50 | ||
| Secondary | 58 | 1.34 | 0.8 to 2.2 | 0.79 | 0.4 to 1.6 | ||
| MRD at HCT | |||||||
| No | 125 | 1.0 | .02 | 1.0 | .48 | ||
| Yes | 29 | 2.10 | 1.2 to 3.8 | 1.33 | 0.6 to 2.9 | ||
| Cytogenetic risk | |||||||
| Favorable/intermediate | 71 | 1.0 | .002 | 1.0 | .01 | ||
| Unfavorable | 50 | 2.33 | 1.3 to 4.1 | 2.60 | 1.2 to 5.6 | ||
| Unknown prognostic significance | 33 | 0.74 | 0.3 to 1.6 | 0.81 | 0.3 to 2.0 | ||
| Months from diagnosis to HCT | |||||||
| < 6 | 72 | 1.0 | .07 | 1.0 | .91 | ||
| ≥ 6 | 88 | 0.60 | 0.3 to 1.0 | 0.96 | 0.5 to 1.9 | ||
| Blood count recovery at HCT | |||||||
| Yes | 91 | 1.0 | .03 | 1.0 | .02 | ||
| No | 55 | 1.83 | 1.1 to 3.2 | 2.24 | 1.1 to 4.4 | ||
| Donor | |||||||
| HLA-identical sibling | 75 | 1.0 | .62 | 1.0 | .35 | ||
| HLA-matched unrelated donor | 69 | 0.90 | 0.5 to 1.5 | 1.19 | 0.6 to 2.4 | ||
| HLA-mismatched unrelated donor | 16 | 0.62 | 0.2 to 1.8 | 0.52 | 0.1 to 2.0 | ||
NOTE. The No. of prior high dose-chemotherapy treatment cycles and HCT Comorbidity Index scores were also included in the model but did not have statistically significant association with the risk of relapse/progression.
Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; HCT, hematopoietic cell transplantation; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; CR1, first complete remission; CR2, second complete remission; MRD, minimal residual disease.
Data on all variables were available for 226 patients undergoing HCT with nonmyeloablative conditioning. In the subgroup of patients in CR1, data on all variables were available for 130 patients.
Among 250 patients in morphologic complete remission in univariate analysis; among 215 patients in morphologic complete remission in multivariate analysis.