TABLE 1.
Participants’ characteristics at baseline by diet1
| Characteristic | Atkins (n = 73) | Zone (n = 73) | LEARN (n = 73) | Ornish (n = 72) |
| Demographics | ||||
| Age (y) | 42 ± 52 | 40 ± 6 | 41 ± 7 | 42 ± 6 |
| Education (y) | 16 ± 2 | 16 ± 2 | 16 ± 2 | 16 ± 2 |
| Race-ethnicity [n (%)] | ||||
| White | 56 (77) | 49 (67) | 56 (77) | 48 (66) |
| Black | 2 (3) | 7 (10) | 4 (5) | 4 (6) |
| Hispanic | 7 (10) | 8 (11) | 6 (8) | 10 (14) |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 6 (8) | 7 (10) | 6 (8) | 8 (11) |
| Other | 2 (3) | 2 (3) | 1 (1) | 2 (3) |
| Marital status [n (%)] | ||||
| Single | 17 (23) | 27 (37) | 26 (36) | 28 (39) |
| Married | 49 (67) | 37 (51) | 38 (52) | 36 (50) |
| Widowed | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Divorced or separated | 6 (8) | 9 (12) | 9 (12) | 8 (11) |
| Anthropometric measures | ||||
| Weight (kg) | 87 ± 13 | 85 ± 12 | 85 ± 15 | 86 ± 11 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32 ± 4 | 31 ± 3 | 31 ± 4 | 32 ± 3 |
| Supplement use [n (%)] | ||||
| Multivitamins, multiminerals | 26 (36) | 21 (29) | 25 (34) | 22 (31) |
| Calcium | 5 (7) | 5 (7) | 9 (12) | 9 (13) |
1
LEARN, Lifestyle, Exercise, Attitudes, Relationships, Nutrition.
2
Mean ± SD (all such values).