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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 14.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Med. 2008 Feb 14;38(11):1543–1556. doi: 10.1017/S0033291708002894

Table 2.

Risk for depression due to fear- and anxiety-related disorders (G2 and G3)

HR (95% CI)a
Generation 2 (G2)
G2 MDD
 Fear-related disordersb 2.9 (1.9–4.4)****
 Anxiety-related disordersc 2.6 (1.2–5.6)**
G2 Childhood onset (<13 years of age) MDD
 Fear-related disordersb 2.7 (1.1–6.9)**
 Anxiety-related disordersc 1.8 (0.33–9.8)
G2 Adolescent onset (13–18 years of age) MDD
 Fear-related disordersb 3.0 (1.7–5.5)****
 Anxiety-related disordersc 3.4 (1.0–11.8)**
G2 Adult onset (19+ years of age) MDD
 Fear-related disordersb 2.0 (0.97–4.3)*
 Anxiety-related disordersc 2.4 (1.1–5.2)**
Generation 3 (G3)
G3 Any mood disorder
 Fear-related disordersb 3.3 (1.5–7.7)***
 Anxiety-related disordersc 3.7 (0.49–28.5)
G3 Childhood onset (<13 years of age) mood disorder
 Fear-related disordersb 2.5 (0.83–7.4)
 Anxiety-related disordersc 5.9 (0.69–52.0)
G3 Adolescent onset (13–18 years of age) mood disorder
 Fear-related disordersb 4.7 (1.3–16.2)**
 Anxiety-related disordersc 0.0 (0.0–0.0)

MDD, Major depressive disorder; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval.

a

Adjusted for age and correlation within family.

b

Panic/social or simple phobia.

c

Overanxious/generalized anxiety disorder.

*

p<0.1,

**

p<0.05,

***

p<0.01,

****

p<0.001.