Fig. 4.

Neither unilateral nor bilateral MD of either mCSF or atropine during daytime studies had any significant effect on ventilatory parameters, with the exception of an increase in expiratory time (Te) following unilateral MD of atropine into the LPBN (n = 3). Data were obtained during MD in the RPTN (n = 3), MPBN (n = 4), or KFN (n = 6). f, Breathing frequency; Ti, inspiratory time. Shaded boxes indicate periods of MD with either mCSF or atropine. *P < 0.05, significant differences from control.