Table 3.
Current Mostly Used Fluorescent Proteins
| Protein | Reference | Excitation peak, nm | Emission peak, nm | Brightness, % of EGFPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blue fluorescent proteins | ||||
| EBFP | [202] | 380 | 440 | 27 |
| Azurite | [203] | 383 | 447 | 43 |
| EBFP2 | [204] | 383 | 448 | 60 |
| Cyan fluorescent proteins | ||||
| Cerulean | [205] | 433 | 475 | 79 |
| ECFP | www.clontech.com | 439 | 476 | 39 |
| CyPet | [172] | 435 | 477 | 53 |
| TagCFP | www.evrogen.com | 458 | 480 | 84 |
| Green fluorescent proteins | ||||
| AzamiGreen | www.mblintl.com | 492 | 505 | 121 |
| TagGFP | www.evrogen.com | 482 | 505 | 100 |
| EGFP | www.clontech.com | 484 | 507 | 100 |
| Emerald | [206] | 487 | 509 | 116 |
| T-Sapphire | [207] | 399 | 511 | 78 |
| Yellow fluorescent proteins | ||||
| TagYFP | www.evrogen.com | 508 | 524 | 137 |
| EYFP | www.clontech.com | 514 | 527 | 151 |
| Topaz | [206] | 514 | 527 | 169 |
| Venus | [208] | 515 | 528 | 156 |
| Citrine | [209] | 516 | 529 | 174 |
| YPet | [172] | 517 | 530 | 238 |
| Orange fluorescent proteins | ||||
| Monomeric Kusabira Or- ange (mKO) |
www.mblintl.com | 548 | 559 | 92 |
| mOrange | [13] | 548 | 562 | 146 |
| Red fluorescent proteins | ||||
| dTomato (dimer) | [13] | 554 | 581 | 142 |
| DsRed (tetramer) | www.clontech.com | 558 | 583 | 176 |
| DsRed-Express (tetramer) | www.clontech.com | 555 | 584 | 58 |
| TagRFP | [15], www.evrogen.com | 555 | 584 | 146 |
| DsRed-Monomer | www.clontech.com | 556 | 586 | 10 |
| mStrawberry | [13] | 574 | 596 | 78 |
| mCherry | [13] | 587 | 610 | 47 |
| mKeima | [210] | 440 | 620 | 12 |
| Far-red fluorescent proteins | ||||
| mRaspberry | [14] | 598 | 625 | 37 |
| Katushka (dimer) | [16] | 588 | 635 | 67 |
| mKate (TagFP635) | [16], www.evrogen.com | 588 | 635 | 45 |
| HcRed (tetramer) | [211] | 592 | 645 | 5 |
| mPlum | [14] | 590 | 649 | 12 |
a
Brightness is a product of extinction coefficient and quantum yield of protein.