Table 2.
The results of ANOVA of the numerical variables for the two groups of the HCs
| HOWG | HOWG | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Numerical variable | Mean ± Std | Mean ± Std | t | p |
| 1. Policy and Management | ||||
| 1.1 Management between HC and HS | ||||
| HS owned by HC | 1.83 ± 3.24 | 1.68 ± 3.44 | 0.92 | 0.3597 |
| HS not owned by HC but receiving HC guide | 1.18 ± 4.75 | 0.54 ± 2.55 | 3.72 | 0.0002 |
| 2. Financing | ||||
| 2.1 Percentage of treatment income in total income (%) | 22.11 ± 17.78 | 26.00 ± 17.29 | -4.32 | <0001 |
| 2.2 Percentage of drug income in total income (%) | 39.47 ± 21.76 | 39.17 ± 20.00 | 0.29 | 0.7745 |
| 2.3 Percentage of fiscal income in total income (%) | 23.42 ± 24.57 | 18.43 ± 18.43 | 4.75 | <0001 |
| 2.4 Percentage of health insurance in total income (%) | 9.46 ± 14.36 | 12.50 ± 14.73 | -4.1 | <0001 |
| 3. Continuum of care | ||||
| 3.1 Demographic characteristics of population served | ||||
| 3.1.1 Percentage of the population above 60 in total population (%) | 11.09 ± 7.83 | 7.80 ± 7.55 | 8.31 | <0001 |
| 3.1.2 Percentage of children aged in 0 to 6 in total population (%) | 3.85 ± 3.30 | 4.20 ± 4.11 | -1.75 | 0.0807 |
| 3.1.3 Percentage of baby aged in 0 to 1 in total population (%) | 0.78 ± 1.06 | 0.97 ± 1.27 | -3.09 | 0.0021 |
| 3.1.4 Percentage of pregnant women in total population (%) | 0.71 ± 1.79 | 0.60 ± 0.79 | 1.79 | 0.0743 |
| 3.1.5 Percentage of alive newborn baby in total population (%) | 0.61 ± 1.38 | 0.54 ± 0.57 | 1.54 | 0.1242 |
| 3.1.6 Percentage of women in childbearing age in total population (%) | 21.48 ± 13.45 | 27.96 ± 19.15 | -7.18 | <0001 |
| 3.1.7 Percentage of mental patient in total population (%) | 0.21 ± 1.03 | 0.15 ± 0.40 | 1.74 | 0.0824 |
| 3.1.8 Percentage of disabled patient in total population (%) | 1.10 ± 1.54 | 0.66 ± 1.04 | 7.18 | <0001 |
| 3.1.9 Percentage of people with pension in total population (%) | 1.92 ± 2.81 | 1.05 ± 2.54 | 6.49 | <0001 |
| 3.2 Referral | ||||
| 3.2.1 Patients referred to the upper level institutions | 132.68 ± 591.09 | 445.68 ± 1742.78 | -4.12 | <0001 |
| 3.2.2 Patients referred to the lower level institutions | 40.38 ± 215.17 | 123.29 ± 577.65 | -3.28 | 0.0011 |
| 4. Quality of care | ||||
| 4.1 Facilities | ||||
| 4.1.1 Fixed asset owned by the HC (10,000 yuan) | 433.86 ± 879.91 | 342.02 ± 776.69 | 2.22 | 0.0268 |
| 4.1.2 Area of HC house ( M2) | 2176.22 ± 2733.49 | 1647.48 ± 1941.14 | 4.66 | <0001 |
| 4.1.3 Drug kinds | ||||
| West medicine | 359.68 ± 296.29 | 392.08 ± 562.53 | -1.28 | 0.2018 |
| Chinese patent medicine | 148.31 ± 126.51 | 157.05 ± 273.01 | -0.72 | 0.4723 |
| 4.1.4 Beds | ||||
| Current inpatient bed | 28.94 ± 44.47 | 15.59 ± 29.40 | 7.51 | <0001 |
| Current observation bed | 0.52 ± 1.12 | 0.51 ± 1.00 | 0.21 | 0.8349 |
| 4.2 Human resources | ||||
| 4.2.1 Total member of current staff | 56.49 ± 93.93 | 42.33 ± 49.87 | 4.15 | <0001 |
| Temporary member of staff` | 12.41 ± 18.39 | 14.90 ± 18.60 | -2.64 | 0.0084 |
| 4.2.2 Total member of health technicians | 43.84 ± 44.68 | 32.56 ± 35.84 | 5.68 | <0001 |
| Clinical doctor | 19.44 ± 20.77 | 13.07 ± 14.53 | 7.43 | <0001 |
| Dentist | 1.12 ± 1.86 | 0.99 ± 1.80 | 1.43 | 0.1519 |
| 4.2.3 Physician with education certificate | 20.70 ± 24.08 | 15.25 ± 16.69 | 5.53 | <0001 |
| Physician with postgraduate certificate | 0.29 ± 1.36 | 0.35 ± 1.59 | -0.71 | 0.4781 |
| Physician with undergraduate certificate | 6.68 ± 11.72 | 5.05 ± 7.55 | 3.53 | 0.0004 |
| Physician with 3-year education certificate | 8.05 ± 9.50 | 5.88 ± 6.66 | 5.55 | <0001 |
| Physician with 2-year education certificate | 4.68 ± 7.03 | 3.38 ± 4.86 | 4.53 | <0001 |
| Physician with less than two year education certificate | 0.98 ± 3.51 | 0.59 ± 1.94 | 3.06 | 0.0023 |
| 4.2.4 New physician enrolled into in 3 year | 2.94 ± 5.88 | 3.00 ± 4.09 | -0.25 | 0.8017 |
| New physician with postgraduate certificate | 0.08 ± 0.66 | 0.09 ± 0.38 | -0.58 | 0.5635 |
| New physician with undergraduate certificate | 1.45 ± 4.08 | 1.22 ± 2.14 | 1.57 | 0.1172 |
| New physician with 3-year education certificate | 1.05 ± 2.20 | 1.25 ± 2.21 | -1.77 | 0.0774 |
| New physician with 2-year education certificate | 0.32 ± 1.18 | 0.40 ± 1.07 | -1.33 | 0.1835 |
| New physician less than 2 years education certificate | 0.05 ± 0.88 | 0.05 ± 0.42 | -0.09 | 0.9289 |
| 4.2.5 Nurse with education certificate | 13.44 ± 16.88 | 9.68 ± 11.32 | 5.53 | <0001 |
| Nurse with postgraduate certificate | 0.02 ± 0.40 | 0.00 ± 0.06 | 1.41 | 0.1595 |
| Nurse with undergraduate certificate | 0.48 ± 1.41 | 0.46 ± 1.90 | 0.22 | 0.8238 |
| Nurse with 3-year education certificate | 4.80 ± 7.58 | 3.24 ± 5.18 | 5.08 | <0001 |
| Nurse with 2-year education certificate | 7.36 ± 9.57 | 5.65 ± 6.46 | 4.44 | <0001 |
| Nurse with less than 2 years education certificate | 0.78 ± 2.59 | 0.33 ± 1.17 | 4.99 | <0001 |
| 4.2.6 Family medicine and community nursing training | ||||
| Physician receiving family medicine guideline training | 1.70 ± 5.66 | 1.54 ± 4.75 | 0.63 | 0.5281 |
| Physician receiving the family medicine training | 8.04 ± 9.87 | 7.68 ± 9.74 | 0.71 | 0.4749 |
| Nurse receiving the community nursing training | 6.20 ± 9.19 | 5.79 ± 7.87 | 0.96 | 0.3364 |
| Staff passing the national middle technical qualification examination | 1.18 ± 4.17 | 1.21 ± 3.82 | -0.14 | 0.8857 |