TABLE 1.

Proline betaine concentrations in fruit and fruit juices measured by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Juice/fruit description	Proline betaine
	mg/L
Citrus fruit juice (authentic; all n = 3)
Orange juice
From concentrate	1316 ± 721
Not from concentrate	1189 ± 24
Freshly squeezed	1062 ± 81
Grapefruit juice	766 ± 93
Citrus fruit juice (synthetic; all n = 1)
Orange soft drink	216
Orange squash	75
Citrus fruit (all n = 3)
Orange	761 ± 89
Lime	730 ± 126
Satsuma	461 ± 55
Lemon	251 ± 153
Other fruit juice (all n = 1)
Pineapple juice	57
Red grape and raspberry juice	46
Pomegranate and blueberry juice	18
Peach, mango, passion fruit juice	17
Apple juice	14
Black currant juice	12
Other fruit (all n = 1)
Kiwi	66
Grape	51
Melon	34
Banana	28
Strawberry	22
Pear	14
Apricot	10

¹Mean ± SD (all such values); the SD is indicated when more than one sample was analyzed.