Table 3. ORs for educational status and childhood cancer, by ICCC3 major category (adjusted for maternal age, maternal race/ethnicity, parity, state, birth year, gestational age and birth weight).
|
OR (95% CI)
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education level (in years) | All cancers | Leukemia | Lymphoma | CNS |
| Maternal | ||||
| <12 | 1.01 (0.91, 1.13) | 1.04 (0.88, 1.24) | 1.38 (0.96, 1.99) | 0.86 (0.70, 1.05) |
| 12 | 1.00 (0.91, 1.10) | 1.08 (0.93, 1.25) | 1.08 (0.79, 1.49) | 0.83 (0.70, 0.98) |
| 13–16 | 0.97 (0.89, 1.06) | 1.06 (0.92, 1.22) | 1.11 (0.82, 1.52) | 0.81 (0.69, 0.96) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Paternal | ||||
| <12 | 1.12 (1.00, 1.24) | 1.09 (0.93, 1.28) | 1.21(0.85, 1.73) | 1.07 (0.88, 1.31) |
| 12 | 1.07 (0.98, 1.17) | 1.07 (0.94, 1.22) | 1.18 (0.88, 1.58) | 0.92 (0.78, 1.09) |
| 13–16 | 1.05 (0.96, 1.14) | 1.03 (0.91, 1.17) | 1.19 (0.90, 1.58) | 0.99 (0.85, 1.16) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Household | ||||
| <12 | 1.05 (0.95, 1.16) | 1.04 (0.90, 1.22) | 1.26 (0.90, 1.76) | 0.95 (0.78, 1.16) |
| 12 | 1.03 (0.95, 1.12) | 1.02 (0.90, 1.15) | 1.00 (0.77, 1.31) | 0.92 (0.79, 1.08) |
| 13–16 | 1.00 (0.93, 1.08) | 1.01 (0.90, 1.13) | 1.15 (0.90, 1.46) | 0.94 (0.82, 1.07) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Sympathetic nervous system | Retinoblastoma | Renal tumours | Hepatic tumours | |
| Maternal | ||||
| <12 | 0.94 (0.70, 1.26) | 1.27 (0.83, 1.94) | 1.26 (0.90, 1.78) | 0.85 (0.48, 1.49) |
| 12 | 1.03 (0.81, 1.32) | 1.17 (0.79, 1.72) | 1.29 (0.95, 1.73) | 0.70 (0.43, 1.14) |
| 13–16 | 1.04 (0.83, 1.31) | 1.13 (0.78, 1.65) | 1.22 (0.91, 1.62) | 0.67 (0.42, 1.06) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Paternal | ||||
| <12 | 1.07 (0.81, 1.42) | 1.48 (0.98, 2.24) | 1.38 (1.00, 1.91) | 1.01 (0.56, 1.81) |
| 12 | 1.10 (0.88, 1.38) | 1.45 (1.01, 2.10) | 1.32 (1.01, 1.73) | 1.00 (0.61, 1.64) |
| 13–16 | 1.08 (0.87, 1.34) | 1.31 (0.91, 1.87) | 1.13 (0.87, 1.47) | 0.93 (0.58, 1.49) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Household | ||||
| <12 | 1.00 (0.77, 1.32) | 1.20 (0.82, 1.75) | 1.25 (0.91, 1.71) | 0.94 (0.54, 1.62) |
| 12 | 1.07 (0.87, 1.32) | 1.29 (0.94, 1.78) | 1.32 (1.03, 1.70) | 0.95 (0.61, 1.49) |
| 13–16 | 1.02 (0.84, 1.23) | 1.17 (0.86, 1.58) | 1.21 (0.96, 1.52) | 0.80 (0.53, 1.21) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Malignant bone | Soft-tissue sarcomas | Germ cell | Other carcinomas | |
| Maternal | ||||
| <12 | 0.88 (0.49, 1.61) | 1.03 (0.71, 1.49) | 1.08 (0.66, 1.79) | 1.56 (0.72, 3.36) |
| 12 | 0.71 (0.44, 1.14) | 0.96 (0.70, 1.32) | 1.01 (0.65, 1.57) | 1.23 (0.66, 2.28) |
| 13–16 | 0.69 (0.44, 1.09) | 0.92 (0.68, 1.24) | 0.83 (0.54, 1.28) | 0.79 (0.42, 1.46) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Paternal | ||||
| <12 | 1.40 (0.77, 2.55) | 1.09 (0.75, 1.59) | 0.97 (0.60, 1.57) | 0.75 (0.31, 1.77) |
| 12 | 0.94 (0.58, 1.52) | 1.07 (0.79, 1.45) | 1.02 (0.68, 1.53) | 1.37 (0.79, 2.37) |
| 13–16 | 1.15 (0.74, 1.80) | 1.14 (0.85, 1.51) | 0.96 (0.65, 1.42) | 0.75 (0.42, 1.31) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
| Household | ||||
| <12 | 1.23 (0.68, 2.24) | 1.16 (0.82, 1.66) | 1.00 (0.63, 1.59) | 1.51 (0.70, 3.27) |
| 12 | 0.89 (0.57, 1.37) | 1.05 (0.80, 1.39) | 1.03 (0.71, 1.50) | 1.50 (0.88, 2.55) |
| 13–16 | 0.94 (0.64, 1.38) | 1.07 (0.84, 1.38) | 0.84 (0.59, 1.19) | 0.86 (0.51, 1.43) |
| >17 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference |
Abbreviations: CI=confidence interval; CNS=central nervous system; ICCC3=International Classification of Childhood Cancer third edition; OR=odds ratio.