Table 2.
Univariate Analysis of Demographic Variables and Co-morbid Diseases Associated with Increased HR-QOL in Women Seeking Treatment for FI, n = 155
| Variables | N (%) or Mean ± standard deviation | MMHQ Scorea Coefficient, (95% confidence interval) |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 54 ± 14 | -0.3 (-0.6, 0.0) |
| Age ≥ 65 years | 43 (28%) | -15.0 (-23.26, -6.7) |
| Non-White race/ethnicity | 16 (10%) | 1.4 (-11.5, 14.3) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27 ± 8 | 0.1 (-0.4, 0.5) |
| Diabetes | 16 (10%) | 3.3 (-9.6, 16.2) |
| Coronary artery disease | 19 (12%) | -3.8 (-16.0, 8.5) |
| Hypertension | 55 (35%) | 3.9 (-4.4, 12.3) |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | 16 (10%) | 10.6 (-2.2, 23.3) |
| Urinary incontinence | 69 (45%) | 7.7 (-0.2, 15.6) |
| MESA stress scores | 9 ± 6 | 0.6 (0.1, 1.1) |
| MESA urge scores | 10 ± 8 | 0.9 (0.3, 1.6) |
| SF-12 subscales | ||
| Physical | 39 ± 6 | -0.1 (-0.8, 0.6) |
| Mental | 39 ± 6 | -0.1 (-0.8, 0.6) |
| Cholecystectomy | 35 (23%) | 10.2 (0.8, 19.6) |
| Anorectal surgery (hemorrhoidectomy) | 32 (21%) | -0.2 (-10.1, 9.8) |
| Cancer (other than skin) | 14 (9%) | 4.2 (-10.4, 18.9) |
| Hysterectomy | 99 (64%) | 8.7 (0.6, 16.8) |
| Prior c-section | 14 (9%) | 6.6 (-7.0, 20.3) |
| Number of vaginal deliveries | 2 ± 1 | 0.7 (-2.3, 3.6) |
| Bowel Symptoms Variables (n = 147, except FISI scores) | ||
| FISI scores (FI severity), n = 155 | 31 ± 13 | 1.1 (0.9, 1.3) |
| Fecal urgency symptoms, occurring “most” or “all of the time” | 56 (38%) | 24.5 (17.3, 31.8) |
| ≥ 3-4 bowel movements/day | 57 (39%) | 6.8 (1.2, 12.3) |
| Bowel consistency hard or little balls, ≥ 50% of the time | 47 (32%) | 13.7 (5.4, 22.0) |
| Bowel consistency loose or watery, ≥ 50% of the time | 73 (50%) | 16.0 (8.4, 23.6) |
| Anorectal Manometry (n = 127) and Endoanal Ultrasound Variables (n = 141) | ||
| Resting pressure (mmH2O) | 34 ± 22 | -0.1 (-0.3, 0.1) |
| Squeeze pressure (mmH2O) | 64 ± 25 | -0.1 (-0.2, 0.0) |
| Rectal capacity (ml) | 138 ± 68 | -0.0 (-0.1, 0.0) |
| External anal sphincter tear | 60 (42%) | 3.9 (-4.2, 12.0) |
| Internal anal sphincter tear | 21 (15%) | 8.4 (-3.0, 19.8) |
| Tear in both sphincters | 16 (11%) | 10.2 (-4.3, 24.6) |
a
MMHQ Scores vary from 0-100 with higher scores indicating a greater impact on HR-QOL. Positive coefficients represent increased MMHQ scores (negative impact on health-related quality of life); negative coefficients represent a decline in MMHQ scores (positive impact on health-related quality of life).