Table 3. Latent Growth Models Testing the Postdictive (Wave 8) and Predictive (Wave 2) Association between Operationalizations of Sexual Orientation and Non-linear Substance Use Trajectories, Controlling for Covariates (n = 2,854).
| Frequency | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drunkenness | Binge Drinking | Alcohol Use | Cigarette Use | Cannabis Use | |||||||||||
| Inter | Linear | Quad | Inter | Linear | Quad | Inter | Linear | Quad | Inter | Linear | Quad | Inter | Linear | Quad | |
| Sexual minority self-identification | |||||||||||||||
| Model 1 | |||||||||||||||
| Wave 8 | .18* | -.53*** | .59***a | .11 | -.22 | .20a | .18** | -.18 | .15a | .26** | .11 | -.05a | .38*** | -.02 | .05a |
| Wave 2 | .17* | -.47*** | .48** | .20** | -.32* | .25 | .14* | -.05 | .00 | .36*** | -.05 | .10 | .49*** | -.29* | .30* |
| Model 2 | |||||||||||||||
| Wave 8 PS | .10* | -.31*** | .35*** | .05 | -.11 | .10 | .09* | -.09 | .08 | .15** | .08 | -.05 | .24*** | -.04 | .04 |
| Wave 2 PS | .11* | -.24* | .24* | .12** | -.16* | .12 | .10** | -.01 | -.01 | .21*** | -.01 | .04 | .32*** | -.19* | .19* |
| Wave 8 Bi | .14 | -.50*** | .57*** | .08 | -.22* | .21 | .13 | -.14 | .12 | .23** | .09 | -.03 | .33*** | -.02 | .05 |
| Wave 2 Bi | .13* | -.39** | .38** | .15* | -.24* | .18 | .11 | -.03 | -.01 | .32*** | -.06 | .11 | .46*** | -.24* | .23 |
| Wave 8 P/EG | .13* | -.32** | .34** | .10* | -.15 | .12 | .16*** | -.15 | .11 | .17** | .06 | -.01 | .22*** | .02 | .01 |
| Wave 2 P/EG | .11* | -.36*** | .37** | .12* | -.26* | .22* | .09 | -.06 | .01 | .22*** | -.04 | .06 | .25*** | -.16* | .19* |
| Same-sex sexual attraction | |||||||||||||||
| Model 3 | |||||||||||||||
| Wave 8 | .14 | -.44** | .51*** | .08 | -.20 | .20 | .16* | -.14 | .18 | .42*** | .28 | -.18 | .53*** | -.04 | .08 |
| Wave 2 | .14 | -.47** | .45* | .09 | -.27* | .23 | .12 | -.02 | .00 | .39*** | -.11 | .16 | .63*** | -.26 | .24 |
| Same-sex sexual behavior | |||||||||||||||
| Model 4 | |||||||||||||||
| Wave 8 | .11 | -.50* | .69** | -.04 | -.13 | .29 | .16 | -.33 | .36 | .35** | .11 | .03 | .32* | -.23 | .35 |
| Wave 2 | .21* | -.48* | .42 | .12 | -.16 | .07 | .18 | .13 | -.28 | .59*** | -.20 | .32 | .73*** | -.26 | .26 |
Note. Standardized, adjusted coefficients are presented. Drunkenness: “Over the past 30 days, on how many days have you gotten drunk on alcohol?”. Binge drinking: “Over the past 30 days, on how many days did you drink five or more drinks in a row?” Frequency of alcohol, cigarettes, and cannabis use (0=Never/Not in the past 3 months; 7=More than 40 times). Inter = Intercept, Quad = Quadratic; PS = Primarily heterosexual, Bi = Bisexual, P/EG = Primarily/Exclusively homosexual. Model 1: (0=Exclusively heterosexual [ES]; 1=PS, Bi, P/EG). Model 2: MS (0=ES; 1=PS); Bi (0=ES; 1=Bi); P/EG (0=ES, 1=P/EG). Model 3: Same-sex sexual attraction (0=Opposite-sex only; 2=Opposite-sex mostly/Opposite-sex somewhat/Both sexes equally/Same-sex somewhat/Same-sex mostly/Same-sex only). Model 4: Same-sex sexual behavior (same anchors as attraction).
p < .05
p < .01
p < .001