Table 2.

Harms of oestrogen: summary data regarding stroke, breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancer incidence from the Women′s Health Initiative Trial

Event type		Cumulative absolute risk with oestrogen plus progesterone v placebo	Hazard ratio
Breast cancer	Total cancers	245/8506 (3%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 185/8102 (2%) with placebo	1.24, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.50
	Invasive cancers	199/8506 (2.3%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 150/8102 (1.9%) with placebo	1.24, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.54
	In situ cancers	47/8506 (0.6%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 37/8102 (0.5%) with placebo	1.18, 95% CI 0.77 to 1.82
Ovarian cancer	Total cancers	20/8506 (0.2%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 12/8102 (0.1%) with placebo	1.58, 95% CI 0.77 to 3.24
Endometrial cancer	Total cancers	27/8506 (0.3%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 31/8102 (0.4%) with placebo	0.81, 95% CI 0.48 to 1.36
Stroke	Total strokes	151/8506 (2%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 107/8102 (1%) with placebo	1.31, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.68
	Ischaemic stroke	125/8506 (1.5%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 81/8102 (1.0%) with placebo	1.44, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.90
	Haemorrhagic stroke	18/8506 (0.2%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 20/8102 (0.2%) with placebo	0.82, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.56
Thromboembolic disease	Deep vein thrombosis	123/8506 (1.4%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 59/8102 (0.7%) with placebo	1.95, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.67
	Pulmonary embolism	86/8506 (1.0%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 38/8102 (0.4%) with placebo	2.13, 95% CI 1.39 to 3.25
Coronary heart disease	Non-fatal MI and death due to coronary heart disease	164/8506 (0.4%) with oestrogen plus progesterone v 122/8102 (0.3%) with placebo	1.29, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.63