Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for 1116 participants in the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study
| Men (n=312) | Women (n=804) |
All participants (n=1116) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 57.0 (8.0) | 57.5 (7.3) | 57.4 (7.5) |
| Household income ($) | 20,180 (21,130) | 18,130 (38,519) | 18,698 (34,591) |
| Acculturation | 29.1 (22.9) | 22.2 (21.8)* | 24.1 (22.4) |
| Perceived stress score | 21.8 (9.6) | 24.3 (9.3)* | 23.6 (9.4) |
| Years living in the US | 36.0 (11.9) | 33.4 (12.3)* | 34.1 (12.2) |
| Physical activity score | 32.3 (5.6) | 31.0 (3.9)* | 31.4 (4.5) |
| Less than 8th grade | 45.7 | 49.3 | 48.3 |
| Current smoker (%) | 33.9 | 20.9* | 24.5 |
| Current drinker (%) | 49.4 | 35.4* | 39.3 |
| Energy (kcal) | 2386 (859) | 1999 (845)* | 2107 (866) |
| Protein (% from total energy) | 17.1 (3.1) | 17.4 (3.5) | 17.3 (3.4) |
| Total fat (% from total energy) | 32.0 (5.3) | 30.7 (5.2)* | 31.1 (5.2) |
| Carbohydrate (% from total energy) | 50.2 (7.4) | 52.5 (7.5)* | 51.9 (7.5) |
| Abdominal obesitya | 44.6 | 80.2* | 70.3 |
| Hypertensionb | 70.5 | 68.5 | 69.1 |
| Diabetesc | 39.7 | 39.1 | 39.2 |
| Cardiovascular diseased | 21.5 | 20.5 | 20.8 |
| Arthritise | 36.5 | 56.7* | 51.1 |
| Cancere | 4.5 | 7.1 | 6.4 |
| Metabolic Syndromef | 65.4 | 76.9* | 73.7 |
Results presented as mean (standard deviation) or percent
Significantly different by sex at p<0.05
WC >102 cm in men or >88 cm in women
SBP ≥ 140 or diastolic ≥ 90 or taking hypertension medication
Fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl or reported use of insulin or a prescribed oral hypoglycemic medication
Self-reported heart disease, heart attack or stroke
Self-reported
Presence of ≥3 of the following conditions: WC >102 cm in men or >88 cm in women; fasting glucose >100 mg/dL or drug treatment for elevated glucose; blood pressure of >130 or >85 mm Hg (systolic/diastolic) or drug treatment for hypertension; triglycerides >150 mg/dL or drug treatment for elevated triglycerides; HDL-C < 40 mg/dL in men or <50 mg/dL in women or drug treatment for reduced HDL-C.