Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Nausea
RCT 3-armed trial	60 women, mean gestational ages 9.6 to 10.8 weeks In review	Mean nausea score 1 day with P6 acupressure with no treatment	WMD –2.40 for P6 acupressure v no treatment 95% CI –3.78 to –1.02 P = 0.0006 for P6 acupressure v no treatment WMD calculated by Clinical Evidence contributor	Effect size not calculated	P6 acupressure
RCT 3-armed trial	60 women, mean gestational ages 9.6 to 10.8 weeks In review	Mean nausea score 6 days with P6 acupressure with no treatment	WMD –2.00 for P6 acupressure v no treatment 95% CI –3.37 to –0.63 P = 0.004 for P6 acupressure v no treatment WMD calculated by Clinical Evidence contributor	Effect size not calculated	P6 acupressure
RCT 3-armed trial	60 women, mean gestational ages 9.6 to 10.8 weeks In review	Mean nausea score 14 days with P6 acupressure with no treatment	WMD –2.30 for P6 acupressure v no treatment 95% CI –3.79 to –0.81 P = 0.003 for P6 acupressure v no treatment WMD calculated by Clinical Evidence contributor	Effect size not calculated	P6 acupressure
RCT 3-armed trial	60 women, mean gestational ages 9.6 to 10.8 weeks In review	Mean nausea score 1 day with P6 acupressure with sham acupressure	WMD –0.40 for P6 acupressure v sham acupressure 95% CI –2.01 to +1.21 P = 0.63 for P6 acupressure v sham acupressure WMD calculated by Clinical Evidence contributor		Not significant
RCT 3-armed trial	60 women, mean gestational ages 9.6 to 10.8 weeks In review	Mean nausea score 6 days with P6 acupressure with sham acupressure	WMD –1.4 for P6 acupressure v sham acupressure 95% CI –2.89 to –0.09 P = 0.07 for P6 acupressure v sham acupressure WMD calculated by Clinical Evidence contributor		Not significant
RCT 3-armed trial	60 women, mean gestational ages 9.6 to 10.8 weeks In review	Mean nausea score 14 days with P6 acupressure with sham acupressure	WMD –1.7 for P6 acupressure v sham acupressure 95% CI –3.25 to –0.15 P = 0.03 for P6 acupressure v sham acupressure WMD calculated by Clinical Evidence contributor	Effect size not calculated	P6 acupressure
Systematic review	350 women, mean gestational ages 7.2 to 10.0 weeks Data from 1 RCT	Proportion of women reporting nausea 23/119 (19%) with finger acupressure 108/231 (47%) with control	RR 0.41 95% CI 0.28 to 0.60 P = 0.005 See further information on studies for details of placebo effect	Moderate effect size	finger acupressure
Systematic review	273 women, mean gestational ages 8 to 11 weeks 5 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of women reporting nausea 32/102 (31%) with wristband acupressure 60/106 (57%) with control	RR 0.55 95% CI 0.38 to 0.77 P = 0.007 See further information on studies for details of placebo effect	Small effect size	acupressure
RCT	138 women randomised at 13 weeks' gestation	Frequency and severity of nausea with acupressure given by a wristband to the P6 acupoint with sham acupressure wristband	Data were not reported in a way that allowed further statistical calculation
RCT 3-armed trial	75 pregnant women suffering from nausea with or without vomiting, and who were unable to receive conventional treatment, gestational age range 5 to 12 weeks	Nausea (measured using a visual analogue score: 10 cm long vertical and horizontal lines with a scale ranging from 0 = no symptoms to 10 = worst possible symptom) 4 to 6 days with acupressure (an acupressure band applied to acupoint P6 on days 4 to 6 and removed before going to bed) with placebo (a band applied to a sham acupressure point on the upper side of the wrists on days 4 to 6 and removed before going to bed) Absolute results not reported	P >0.05 for acupressure v placebo See further information on studies for methodological limitations		Not significant
Vomiting
Systematic review	250 women, mean gestational ages 8 to 11 weeks 5 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of women reporting vomiting 29/107 (27%) with wristband acupressure 58/131 (44%) with control	RR 0.45 95% CI 0.32 to 0.63 P <0.001 See further information on studies for details of placebo effect	Moderate effect size	wristband acupressure
RCT 3-armed trial	75 pregnant women suffering from nausea with or without vomiting, and who were unable to receive conventional treatment, gestational age range 5 to 12 weeks	Vomiting (measured using a visual analogue score: 10 cm long vertical and horizontal lines with a scale ranging from 0 = no symptoms to 10 = worst possible symptom) 4 to 6 days with acupressure (an acupressure band applied to acupoint P6 on days 4 to 6 and removed before going to bed) with placebo (a band applied to a sham acupressure point on the upper side of the wrists on days 4 to 6 and removed before going to bed) Absolute results not reported	P >0.05 for acupressure v placebo See further information on studies for methodological limitations		Not significant
Nausea and vomiting (composite)
Systematic review	285 women 2 RCTs in this analysis	Proportion of women reporting morning sickness (not further defined) 37/145 (25%) with acupressure 61/140 (43%) with sham acupressure	RR 0.57 95% CI 0.38 to 0.86	Small effect size	acupressure
RCT	97 women, 8 to 12 weeks' gestation In review	Duration of nausea and vomiting with active wristband acupressure with sham wristband acupressure	WMD –1.89 hours/12-hour cycle 95% CI –3.45 hours/12-hour cycle to –0.33 hours/12-hour cycle	Effect size not calculated	active wristband acupressure
RCT	97 women, 8 to 12 weeks' gestation In review	Intensity of nausea and vomiting with active wristband acupressure with sham wristband acupressure	WMD –0.25 95% CI –0.62 to +0.12		Not significant