Table 3.
Bioactive molecules (BMs) that have been used for preparation of GF-bearing or binding PEG hydrogels.
| BM a | Monomer type | Method | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| VEGF | Monothiol | Covalently attaching VEGF to hydrogels by Michael- type addition of VEGF-SH with n-PEG-VS. b |
190 |
| Mono-QAP | Covalently attaching VEGF to hydrogels using Factor XIIIa through enzymatic reaction of VEGF-QAP with n- PEG-KDP. c |
25 | |
| bFGF | Multiacrylate | Covalently attaching bFGF to hydrogels by copolymerization of acrylated bFGF with PEGDA. |
191 |
| EGF | Multiacrylate | Covalently attaching EGF to hydrogels by copolymerization of acrylated EGF with PEGDA. |
192 |
| TGF-β | Multiacrylate | Covalently attaching TGF-β to hydrogels by copolymerization of acrylated TGF-β with PEGDA. |
193 |
| BMP peptide a | Monoazide | Covalently incorporating KIPKASSVPTELSAISTLYL (corresponding to residues 73–92 of BMP2) into hydrogels by Click chemistry for induction of osteogenesis. |
194 |
| Heparin | Multicarboxyl | Forming hydrogels by carboxyl/amine conjugation | 195–197 |
| Multiacrylate | Forming hydrogels by copolymerization. | 198,199 | |
| Multimaleimide | Conjugating with PEG or star PEG and forming hydrogels by Michael addition, or by specific binding between heparin and GFs or HBPs. d |
200–203 | |
| Multithiol | Forming hydrogels by Michael addition All the above hydrogels were studied for binding bFGF |
204,205 | |
| CS | Multiacrylate | Forming hydrogels by copolymerization. | 206,207 |
| Multithiol | Forming PEG hydrogels with incorporation of HA by Michael addition for binding bFGF. |
205 | |
| HA | Multithiol | Forming PEG hydrogels with incorporation of heparin by Michael addition for binding bFGF. |
205 |
| Biotin | Monothiol | Incorporating thiol-modified biotion into PEG hydroges by thiol-acrylate photopolymerization, followed by specific binding streptavidin-modified bFGF. |
208 |
| KRTGQYKL | Monothiol | Incorporating thiol-containing peptide, CKRGGAYKL into PEG hydroges by thiol-acrylate photopolymerization for specific binding of bFGF. |
208 |
a
BMP, bone morphogenetic protein; CS, chondroitin sulfate; HA, hyaluronic acid.
b
VEGF-SH, recombinant VEGF with incorporation of a cysteine residue; n-PEG-VS, multiarm PEG vinyl sulfone.
c
QAP, Gln acceptor peptide (NQEQVSPL); KDP, Lys donor peptide (FKGG); VEGF-QAP, QAP-modified VEGF; n-PEG-KDP, KDP-capped multiarm PEG.
d
HBP, heparin-binding peptide, CGGRMKQLEDKVKKLLKKNYHLENEVARLKKLVG derived from the heparin-binding domain of human platelet factor 4.