Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Adverse effects
RCT	367 people with confirmed or presumed PCP categorised as mild to moderate (alveolar–arterial oxygen gradient <55 mmHg); diagnosis of PCP confirmed in 287 (78%)	Withdrawal because of adverse effects 17/179 (9%) with aerosolised pentamidine 73/187(39%) with TMP–SMX	Significance not assessed
RCT	46 people with confirmed PCP categorised as mild (arterial oxygen tension [PaO2] >70 mmHg on room air)	Total adverse effects 11/22 (50%) with aerosolised pentamidine 17/24 (71%) with TMP–SMX	P = 0.003	Effect size not calculated	aerosolised pentamidine
RCT	46 people with confirmed PCP categorised as mild (arterial oxygen tension [PaO2] >70 mmHg on room air)	Serious adverse effects 0/22 (0%) with aerosolised pentamidine 7/24 (29%) with TMP–SMX	Reported as not significant P value not reported	Effect size not calculated	aerosolised pentamidine