Ref (type)	Population	Outcome, Interventions	Results and statistical analysis	Effect size	Favours
Pneumonia
Systematic review	9559 people undergoing mixed surgical procedures 141 RCTs in this analysis	Pneumonia 149/4871 (3%) with neuraxial blockade 238/4688 (5%) with general anaesthesia	RR 0.61 95% CI 0.48 to 0.76 NNT 50 95% CI 36 to 82	Small effect size	neuraxial blockade
Systematic review	1096 people undergoing surgery for repair of hip fracture 8 RCTs in this analysis	Pneumonia 27/529 (5.1%) with neuraxial blockade 31/567 (5.5%) with general anaesthesia	OR 0.92 95% CI 0.53 to 1.59		Not significant
RCT	186 people with carotid artery stenosis	Pneumonia within 30 days after surgery 1/91 (1%) with local anaesthesia 0/95 (0%) with general anaesthesia	P >0.05 The number of events may have been too few to detect a clinically important difference		Not significant