Table 1.
Clinical trials comparing autologous stem cell transplantation to conventional therapies
| Study | Randomization | Patients, n | ORR, % | CR, % | PFS | OS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Attal et al. [1] | ASCT [4–6 alternating cycles of VMCP and BVAP, followed by melphalan (140mg/m2) and TBI (8 Gy)] | 100 | 81 | 22 | 28 months | 57 months |
| CCT (alternating cycles of VMCP and BVAP for 12 months) | 100 | 57 | 5 | 18 months | 44 months | |
| Child et al. [2] | ASCT: melphalan (200 mg/m2) or melphalan (140 mg/m2) + TBI; IFN maintenance | 200 | 86 | 44 | 31.6 months | 54.1 months |
| CCT (4–12 cycles): Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, melphalan and carmustine; IFN maintenance | 201 | 48 | 8 | 19.6 months | 42.3 months | |
| Fermand et al. [11] | ASCT: lomustine, VP16, cyclophosphamide and melphalan with TBI | 91 | 78 | 57 | 39 months | 65 months |
| CCT: vincristine (1.4 mg/m2 IV on day 1), melphalan (6mg/m2 postoperative on days 1–4), CY (600 mg/m2 IV on day 1) and prednisone to plateau | 94 | 58 | 20 | 13 months | 64 months | |
| Fermand et al. [8] | ASCT: melphalan (200 mg/m2) or melphalan + busulfan | 94 | 59 | 6 | 25.3 months | 47.8 months |
| CCT: VMCP | 96 | 56 | 4 | 18.7 months | 47.6 months | |
| Barlogie et al. [9] | ASCT: melphalan (140 mg/m2) + TBI, followed by randomization to IFN maintenance | 261 | 93 | 17 | 17% (7 years) | 38% (7 years) |
| CCT: VBMCP, followed by randomization to IFN maintenance | 255 | 90 | 15 | 14% (7 years) | 38% (7 years) | |
| Blade et al. [10] | ASCT: melphalan (200 mg/m2) or melphalan (140 mg/m2) + TBI; IFN maintenance | 81 | 82 | 30 | 42 months | 66 months |
| CCT: VBMCP alternating with VBAD and IFN maintenance | 83 | 83 | 11 | 33 months | 61 months | |
| Palumbo et al. [7] | ASCT: melphalan (100 mg/m2) × 2 | 95 | 72 | 25 | 28 | 58 |
| CCT: melphalan + prednisone | 99 | 66 | 6 | 16 | 42 |
ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; BVAP, vincristine, BCNU, doxorubicin and prednisone; CCT, conventional chemotherapy; CR, complete remission; CY, cyclophosphamide; IFN, interferon; ORR, overall response rate; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; TBI, total body irradiation; VBAD, vincristine, BCNU, doxorubicin and dexamethasone; VBMCP, vincristine, BCNU, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisone; VMCP, vincristine, melphalan, cyclophosphamide and prednisone.