Table 4. Bivariate associations (hazard ratios) between addiction treatment modalities and attaining stable housing.

Attain Stable Housing†
Addiction Treatment Modality (yes versus no)	Yes n = 211 n (%)	No n = 781 n (%)	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	p - value
Any methadone maintenance	72 (34.1%)	286 (36.6%)	0.95 (0.72–1.26)	0.724
Incident methadone maintenance	48 (22.7%)	192 (24.6%)	0.71 (0.50–1.00)	0.050
Addiction counselling &/0r self-help	8 (3.8%)	67 (8.6%)	0.62 (0.39–1.00)	0.050
Recovery house &/or residential treatment	4 (1.9%)	17 (2.2%)	0.83 (0.31–2.23)	0.707

Notes:

^†stable housing refers to living in an apartment or house over two consecutive follow-ups; the independent variables in the above table are time-updated in the bivariate Cox proportional hazards regressions.