Table 2.
Visitation rate and bout length of the insect groups that visit inflorescences with pistillate or staminate flowers of C. suberosus in each defoliation treatment
| Visitation rate (no. of visits/15 min) |
Bout length (s) |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Flower type | Insect group | Control | Low defoliation | High defoliation | Control | Low defoliation | High defoliation |
| Pistillate | Wasps | 0·413 (0·097) | 1·327 (0·496) | 0·373 (0·115) | 6·8 (1·9) | 10·9 (2·3) | 15·6 (6·0) |
| Bees | 0·129 (0·063) | 0·289 (0·205) | 0·042 (0·038) | 52·0 (38·3) | 21·5 (9·7) | 17·0 (12·5) | |
| Ants | 1·271 (0·692) | 0·679 (0·328) | 3·622 (3·058) | 303·4 (57·1) | 189·9 (66·2) | 222·9 (56·3) | |
| Beetles | 0·242 (0·103) | 0·242 (0·122) | 0·483 (0·117) | 432·6 (147·6) | 264·6 (101·9) | 248·1 (95·6) | |
| Butterflies | 0·735 (0460) | 0·129 (0·086) | 0·533 (0·451) | 74·3 (16·0) | 189·7 (69·9) | 203·6 (47·5) | |
| Flies | 0·068 (0·044) | 0·629 (0·180) | 0·125 (0·078) | 187·7 (138·4) | 36·2 (11·9) | 41·0 (30·3) | |
| Mean | 0·476 (0·133) | 0·549 (0·112) | 0·863 (0·516) | 93·0 (18·2) | 66·3 (9·6) | 68·8 (14·1) | |
| Staminate | Wasps | 2·506 (0·446) | 1·792 (0·235) | 1·767 (0·451) | 38·9 (4·9) | 27·4 (4·5) | 26·7 (4·3) |
| Bees | 0·511 (0·145) | 0·914 (0·230) | 1·492 (0·351) | 34·7 (11·3) | 66·2 (17·1) | 85·6 (19·5) | |
| Ants | 0·750 (0·144) | 0·567 (0·243) | 0·100 (0·091) | 303·1 (83·6) | 235·7 (86·6) | 535·7 (340·9) | |
| Beetles | 2·350 (0·409) | 4·653 (1·818) | 3·714 (0·660) | 517·2 (63·7) | 723·2 (65·3) | 593·0 (63·2) | |
| Butterflies | 0·561 (0·078) | 0·289 (0·200) | 0·414 (0·149) | 176·0 (41·4) | 141·8 (39·1) | 60·7 (15·4) | |
| Flies | 0·111 (0·101) | 0·250 (0·199) | 0·414 (0·150) | 84·5 (46·6) | 13·8 (4·8) | 23·7 (7·5) | |
| Mean | 1·131 (0·109) | 1·411 (0·314) | 1·355 (0·151) | 258·2 (27·4) | 317·3 (27·2) | 329·4 (94·4) | |
Data are means and s.e. in brackets. None of the comparisons between treatments (columns) was significant with Bonferroni-corrected alpha level.