Table 6.

Odds Ratios Indicating the Effect of Nurse Staffing on 30-Day Inpatient Mortality and Failure to Rescue, in California, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania

		Odds Ratios Estimating the Effect of Nurse Staffing on
Hospital Sample	Model Type	30-Day Inpatient Mortality	Failure-to-Rescue
California	Unadjusted	1.10**	1.15***
		(1.03–1.17)	(1.08–1.23)
	Adjusted	1.13***	1.15***
		(1.07–1.20)	(1.09–1.21)
New Jersey	Unadjusted	1.12**	1.09*
		(1.03–1.22)	(1.01–1.19)
	Adjusted	1.10*	1.10*
		(1.01–1.22)	(1.01–1.21)
Pennsylvania	Unadjusted	1.06*	1.02
		(1.00–1.12)	(0.97–1.07)
	Adjusted	1.06*	1.06*
		(1.00–1.12)	(1.00–1.12)

Notes. The numbers of patients and hospitals used in the analyses in each state are shown in the appendix.

Unadjusted odds ratios are from bivariate robust logistic regression models. Adjusted odds ratios are from multivariate robust logistic regression models that controlled for 132 patient characteristics, including age, gender, admission type, dummy variables for comorbidities and type of surgery, and interaction terms, and three hospital characteristics—bed size, teaching status, and technology.

*,**,*** Odds ratios which are significant at the .05, .01, and .001 levels, respectively.