Figure 4.

Relation between knowledge of how to manipulate tools and other knowledge of tools. (a) Ochipa and colleagues (1989) reported a patient with a severe impairment for manipulating objects but relatively preserved naming of the same objects. (b) A multiple single-case study of unselected unilateral stroke patients asked patients to use and identify the same set of objects (Negri et al. 2007). Performance of the patients is plotted as t values (Crawford & Garthwaite 2006) compared to control (n = 25) performance. (c) Lesions to parietal cortex, in the context of lesions to lateral temporal and frontal regions, can be instrumental in modulating the relationship between performance in object identification and object use, at the group level (see Mahon et al. 2007, figure 7, for details and lesion overlap analyses). Each circle in the plots represents the performance of a single patient in object identification and object use. The 95% confidence intervals around the regression lines are shown. Reproduced with permission from Mahon and colleagues (2007). (d) Patient WC (Buxbaum et al. 2000) was impaired for matching pictures based on how objects are manipulated but was spared for matching pictures based on the function of the objects.