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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jun 25.
Published in final edited form as: Cell. 2010 Jun 25;141(7):1135–1145. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.05.009

Figure 1. Murine norovirus (MNV) infection triggers Paneth cell abnormalities in Atg16L1 mutant mice.

Figure 1

(A-B) Atg16L1 hypomorph (Atg16L1HM) and WT mice in the MNV-free barrier facility were orally inoculated with 3×107 particle forming units (pfu) of MNV CR6 for 7 days or left untreated (n > 6 mice for each group).

(A) Light microscopy images of ileal sections stained with PAS-alcian blue. Dotted line denotes crypt unit containing several Paneth cells each, and arrowheads indicate typical granules. For the two representative images of Atg16L1HM mice infected with MNV CR6, red dotted circle denotes aggregated granules and red arrows indicate granules with abnormal staining and size. Scale bar represents 10 μm.

(B) Indirect immunofluorescence of ileal sections stained for lysozyme (red) and nuclei (blue). Dotted line denotes crypt unit. Scale bar represents 10 μm.

(C) Four types of lysozyme distribution patterns observed in Paneth cells: normal (D0), disordered (D1), depleted (D2), diffuse (D3).

(D) Percentage of Paneth cells displaying each of the four types of lysozyme distribution patterns from WT and Atg16L1HM mice that were uninfected or inoculated with MNV CR6 (n > 5,700 cells from 3 mice/condition, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, mean +/−SEM).

See also Figure S1.