Table 4.

The Evolutionary Rates (Ka, Ks, and the Ka/Ks ratio) of the Human–Chimpanzee and Human–Macaque 1:1 Orthologous Gene Pairs in H=C=M=1, H=C=M>1, and Dup-H≠C≠M Families.

	Human vs. Chimpanzee (median value)			Human vs. Macaque (median value)
Types of Gene Families	Ka	Ks	Ka/Ks	Ka	Ks	Ka/Ks
H=C=M=1	0.0030	0.0107	0.2727	0.0152	0.0658	0.2318
H=C=M>1	0.0022	0.0109	0.2127	0.0115	0.0668	0.1728
P value (H=C=M=1 vs. H=C=M>1)a	<10−11	NS	<10−12	<10−14	NS	<10−15
Dup-H≠C≠M (H≠C≠M; H,C,M>1)	0.0050	0.0121	0.4237	0.0267	0.0859	0.3350
P value (H=C=M>1 vs. Dup-H≠C≠M)a	<10−15	<0.01	<10−15	<10−15	<10−15	<10−15
P value (H=C=M=1 vs. Dup-H≠C≠M)a	<10−15	<10−4	<10−12	<10−15	<10−15	<10−11

NOTE.—NS, not significant.

^aP values are estimated by using the two-tailed Wilcoxon rank sum test.