Table 4. Overview of sling and balloon compression systems for the surgical treatment of stress incontinence in men.

Type of compression system	n	Study type	Outcome	Author
Balloon	117	Case series	105 / 117 (90%) improvement,	Hubner et al. (e13)
			32 / 117 (27,4%) revisions at 13 months
	62	Case series	36 / 62 (59%) improvement, 19 / 62 (30,6%) revisions	Lebret et al. (e14)
Autologous fascial sling	20	Case series	Use of incontinence pads reduced from 7.8 to 1.5 per day	Thüroff et al. (e16)
Sling attached to bone	16	Case series	14 / 16 (88%) continent at 12.2 months,	Madjar et al. (e17)
			no complications or non-responders
	50	Case series	38 / 50 (76%) improvement, 12 / 50 (24%) non-responders	Fassi-Fehri et al. (e18)
Adjustable sling	51	Case series	43 / 51 (84,3%) improvement,	Sousa et al. (e19)
			8 / 51 (15,7%) non-responders at 32 months
	48	Case series	35 / 48 (73%) cure rate,	Romano et al. (e20)
			no major complications at 7.5 months
Trans-obturator sling	20	Case series	17 / 20 (85%) improvement, no major complications	De Leval et al. (e21)
	20	Case series	14 / 20 (70%) improvement	Rheder et al. (e22)
	67	Case series	60 / 67 (90%) improvement	Gozzi et al. (e23)