Table 4.
Parity and metabolic markers among those without diabetes
| Unadjusted baseline measures of metabolic markers by parity |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | Log(fasting insulin) (mU/l) | Log(HOMA-IR) | |
| Nulliparous | 98.9 ± 10.1 | 2.5 ± 0.4 | 1.1 ± 0.5 |
| 1–2 live births | 98.4 ± 9.9 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.5 |
| 3–4 live births | 98.5 ± 9.4 | 2.5 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.5 |
| ≥5 live births | 99.4 ± 10.7 | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5 |
| Multivariable models of metabolic markers by parity and race* |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| Fasting glucose | Fasting insulin | HOMA-IR | |
| All races | |||
| Nulliparous | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| 1–2 live births | −0.6 (0.6) | 0.01 (0.03) | 0.00 (0.03) |
| 3–4 live births | −0.3 (0.6) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.04 (0.03) |
| ≥5 live births | 0.2 (0.8) | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.04) |
| Blacks | |||
| Nulliparous | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| 1–2 live births | 1.7 (1.5) | 0.15 (0.07) | 0.17 (0.08) |
| 3–4 live births | 0.2 (1.8) | 0.10 (0.09) | 0.10 (0.10) |
| ≥5 live births | 1.3 (2.1) | 0.03 (0.10) | 0.04 (0.11) |
| Whites | |||
| Nulliparous | Referent | Referent | Referent |
| 1–2 live births | −1.0 (0.6) | −0.02 (0.03) | −0.03 (0.03) |
| 3–4 live births | −0.5 (0.7) | 0.03 (0.03) | 0.02 (0.03) |
| ≥5 live births | −0.1 (0.9) | 0.07 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.05) |
Data are means ± SD or β coefficient (SEM).
*Multivariable linear regression: models include age, race, marital status (4), income (3), education (3), height (in centimeters), alcohol yes/no, clinic (4), and smoking (3).