Table 2.
Metabolic characteristics of the study cohort
| High liver fat content | Low liver fat content | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n | 23 | 20 | |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 96.7 ± 1.90 | 97.3 ± 2.09 | 0.8 |
| 2-h glucose (mg/dl) | 140.6 ± 4.47 | 128.3 ± 6.95 | 0.2 |
| Fasting insulin (μU/ml) | 33.6 ± 2.54 | 26.6 ± 3.08 | 0.03 |
| 2-h insulin (μU/ml) | 256.7 ± 32.9 | 174.5 ± 37.8 | 0.06 |
| Fasting C-peptide (pmol/ml) | 1,271.8 ± 81.3 | 954.6 ± 76.3 | 0.01 |
| HOMA-IR (dl · μIU−1)/(ml · mg−1) | 10.9 ± 1.14 | 6.48 ± 0.73 | 0.002 |
| WBISI (dl · ml−1)/(mg · μIU−1) | 1.0 ± 0.10 | 1.98 ± 0.27 | 0.001 |
| IGI (dl · μIU−1)/(ml · mg−1) | 3.5 ± 0.27 | 4.6± 0.65 | 0.1 |
| Disposition index [(dl · ml−1)(ml · mg−1)]/[(dl · μIU−1)(mg · μIU−1)] | 3.9 ± 0.38 | 6.2 ± 0.83 | 0.03 |
| Δ AUCinsulin/Δ AUCglucose (dl · μIU−1)/(ml · mg−1) | 4.6 ± 0.50 | 4.8 ± 0.92 | 0.6 |
| Adiponectin (mg/l) | 6.6 ± 0.61 | 12.5 ± 1.60 | 0.004 |
| Interleukin-6 | 2.47 ± 0.39 | 1.99 ± 0.25 | 0.8 |
| Leptin (μg/l) | 33.7 ± 3.05 | 32.0 ± 3.74 | 0.6 |
| Lipid profile | |||
| Plasma fatty acids (μmol/l) | 623.5 ± 42.0 | 553.5 ± 38.1 | 0.3 |
| Low-dose insulin infusion | 436.1 ± 38.8 | 390.8 ± 35.6 | 0.4 |
| High-dose insulin infusion | 109.6 ± 9.6 | 97.8 ± 11.6 | 0.3 |
| Plasma glycerol (μmol/l) | 89.4 ± 5.29 | 82.3 ± 4.75 | 0.4 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 161.7 ± 7.09 | 152.5 ± 5.70 | 0.4 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 91.8 ± 6.22 | 90.5 ± 4.84 | 0.9 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 41.7 ± 1.80 | 46.3 ± 2.0 | 0.1 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 116.4 ± 12.3 | 84.9 ± 8.16 | 0.05 |
| Liver enzymes (units/l) | |||
| Alanine transaminase | 30.6 ± 4.41 | 15.4 ± 1.89 | <0.0001 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase | 24.6 ± 1.34 | 19.7 ± 1.60 | 0.008 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 119.6 ± 2.65 | 117.5 ± 2.81 | 0.4 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 70.9 ± 1.50 | 68.5 ± 2.44 | 0.4 |
Data are n or means ± SEM.