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. 2010 Jul 23;5(7):e11765. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011765

Figure 2. Monocytes and macrophages respond to cholesterol crystals (CHCs) by IL-1β secretion.

Figure 2

Primary monocytes (A), primary macrophages (B,D,E), and THP-1 macrophages (C) were incubated with CHCs for 16 h, 24 h, and 8 h, respectively. LPS (1 µg/ml) was used as a co-stimulant for the primary cells. Concentrations of cytokines were subsequently determined from cell culture supernatants. The inset in 2C verifies the presence of mature 17 kDa IL-1β in cell culture supernatants of THP-1 macrophages by Western blotting. The data are means ± s.e.m. from ≥4 experiments. * = p<0.05 and ** = p<0.01, compared to untreated cells.