Table 2.
Cardiovascular Events or Procedures
| Temperature Group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Event or Procedure | Perioda | Hypothermia (499) | Normothermia (501) | P Value |
| Hypertension, not intended | Perioperative | 32 (6%) | 33 (7%) | 1.00 |
| Postoperative | 47 (9%) | 41 (8%) | 0.51 | |
| Hypertension, intended | Perioperative | 14 (3%) | 11 (2%) | 0.55 |
| Postoperative | 24 (5%) | 23 (5%) | 0.88 | |
| Hypotension, not intended | Perioperative | 19 (4%) | 18 (4%) | 0.87 |
| Postoperative | 18 (4%) | 14 (4%) | 0.48 | |
| Hypotension, intended | Perioperative | 20 (4%) | 26 (5%) | 0.45 |
| Postoperative | 1 (<1%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b | |
| Vasopressor, systemicc | Perioperative | 44 (9%) | 41 (8%) | 0.74 |
| Postoperative | 24 (5%) | 16 (3%) | 0.20 | |
| Vasopressor, cerebral | Perioperative | 101 (20%) | 91 (18%) | 0.42 |
| Postoperative | 95 (19%) | 89 (18%) | 0.63 | |
| Vasopressor, other | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 1 (< 1%) | 2(<1%) | 1.00 | |
| Myocardial ischemia or Infarctionc | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 1 (< 1%)d | 1.00 |
| Postoperative | 9 (2%) | 4 (1%) | 0.18 | |
| Congestive heart failure or pulmonary edema | Perioperative | 10 (2%) | 13 (3%) | 0.67 |
| Postoperative | 44 (9%) | 50 (10%) | 0.59 | |
| Cardiogenic shockc | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 1 (< 1%)d | 1.00 |
| Postoperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00 | |
| Nonventricular arrhythmiae | Perioperative | 25 (5%) | 23 (5%) | 0.77 |
| Postoperative | 27 (5%) | 34 (7%) | 0.43 | |
| Ventricular-fibrillation or –tachycardiac | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 1 (<1%)d | 1.00 |
| Postoperative | 6 (1%) | 2 (<1%) | 0.18 | |
| Other significant cardiovascular disorder or complication | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 8 (2%) | 13 (3%) | 0.38 | |
| Cardioversion or defibrillation | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 2 (<1%)d | 0.50 |
| Postoperative | 2 (< 1%) | 3 (< 1%) | 1.00 | |
| Cardiac pacemaker placement | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 1 (< 1%) | 1.00 |
| Postoperative | 0 (0%) | 1 (< 1%) | 1.00 | |
| Cardiopulmonary resuscitationc | Perioperative | 1 (< 1%)f | 1 (< 1%)d | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 7 (1%) | 2 (< 1%) | 0.11 | |
| Coronary angiogramc | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 1 (< 1%) | 1 (< 1%) | 1.00 | |
| Coronary angioplasty and/or stentingc | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 1 (< 1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.50 | |
| Cardiac surgeryc | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b | |
| Vascular surgery | Perioperative | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.00b |
| Postoperative | 0 (0%) | 2 (< 1%) | 0.50 | |
| Other cardiovascular procedure, intervention, or surgery | Perioperative | 1 (< 1%) | 0 (0%) | 0.50 |
| Postoperative | 36 (7%) | 34 (7%) | 0.81 | |
All P values calculated using Fisher's Exact test.
Perioperative events had their onset during surgery or during the first two hours after surgery. Postoperative events had their onset more than two hours after surgery until final 3-month follow-up.
Default P value of 1.00 assigned because occurrence of event or procedure too low to satisfy assumptions of Fisher's Exact Test.
“Indicator” event, see Methods for definition.
In the perioperative period, one patient had intraoperative cardiac arrest and death, see Results for details.
All arrhythmias that were not ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, including sinus bradycardia.
In the perioperative period, one patient had transient bradycardia/asystole in postoperative care area that responded to pharmacologic treatment.