Table 2.
Bias, given as percent of true value, and standard deviation in units of percent of true value (n = 1,024)
| DVR = 8 | DVR = 8a | DVR = 5 | DVR = 4 | DVR = 3 | DVR = 2 | DVR = 1 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OLS | 77.7 (13.8) | 87.1 (12.5) | 90.1 (11.5) | 92 (10.8) | 94.9 (9.0) | 97.2 (7.3) | |
| TLS | 93.5 (23.5) | 95.6 (17.5) | 94.8 (13.9) | 95.4 (12.1) | 96.2 (9.6) | 97.4 (7.4) | |
| GLLS | 95.4 (26.2) | 99.8 (20.0) | 99.7 (15.3) | 100.7 (13.5) | 100.0 (10.3) | 98.4 (8.1) | |
| LEGA | 100.0 (19.7) | 105.5 (22.6) | 102.5 (16.9) | 102.2 (13.9) | 102.2 (11.2) | 101.4 (8.5) | |
| MA1 | 107.4 (34.6) | 106.9 (24.9) | 103.4 (17.1) | 102.9 (14.0) | 102.9 (11.2) | 103.1 (8.8) | |
| PCA1 | 87.7 (7.3) | 91.1 (9.7) | 100.1 (8.1) | 101.0 (8.1) | 101.3 (8.9) | 102.0 (8.3) | 97.2 (7.2) |
| PCA2 | 98.0 (19.0) | 99.2 (16.9) | 102.6 (16.3) | 102.6 (14.9) | 102.8 (12.2) | 101.9 (10.2) | 98.1 (7.6) |
Abbreviations: DVR, distribution volume ratio; GLLS, generalized linear least squares; LEGA, likelihood estimation graphical analysis; MA1, multilinear analysis-1; OLS, ordinary least squares; PCA, principal component analysis; TLS, total least squares.
A value of 100 represents ‘no bias’.
a
PCA training set including curve shapes similar to the atypical curve (1% of total curves).