Table 3.
Mean (± SD) clinical and immunological parameters for the not in cluster group (NIC) and 5 microbiological clusters defined in the periodontally healthy group.
| NIC | Cluster 1 | Cluster 2 | Cluster 3 | Cluster 4 | Cluster 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n subjects (sites): | 19 (85) | 14 (69) | 9 (33) | 13 (42) | 19 (68) | 11 (33) |
| Variable: | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean ± SD | Mean SD | Mean SD |
| PD (mm) | 2.2 ± 0.3 | 2.6 ± 0.2 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.9 | 2.4 ± 0.6 | 2.3 ± 0.6 |
| CAL (mm) | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 1.8 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.7 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 1.9 ± 0.4 |
| BOP (%) | 10 ± 18 | 10 ± 20 | 4 ± 10 | 0 ± 0 | 10 ± 10 | 3 ± 6 |
| GM-CSF (pg/ml)** | 1.9 ± 1.3 | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 1.5 ± 2.0 | 2.2 ± 1.9 | 3.0 ± 1.4 | 3.4 ± 1.9 |
| IL-2 (pg/ml) | 0.3 ± 0.1 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.9 ± 1.9 |
| IFN-γ (pg/ml) | 0.9 ± 3.1 | 0.3 ± 0.4 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 1.6 ± 4.2 |
| IL-10 (pg/ml) | 29.0 ± 32.3 | 23.0 ± 21.0 | 18.3 ± 24.7 | 20.3 ± 16.3 | 25.5 ± 23.8 | 30.0 ± 18.5 |
| IL-13 (pg/ml) | 1.4 ± 1.2 | 1.0 ± 0.8 | 0.6 ± 0.6 | 2.1 ± 2.8 | 1.5 ± 0.9 | 4.2 ± 8.9 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 2.5 ± 6.3 | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 1.4 ± 1.9 | 0.9 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 1.3 |
| IL-1β (pg/ml) | 6.5 ± 4.7 | 5.8 ± 3.3 | 4.5 ± 4.5 | 9.4 ± 6.2 | 8.3 ± 5.2 | 8.1 ± 5.5 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 2.0 ± 1.7 | 2.0 ± 1.8 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 1.3 | 1.8 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 3.1 |
| Total cytokines | 43.1 ± 37.3 | 36.4 ± 27.7 | 27.1 ± 29.3 | 37.5 ± 24.0 | 42.3 ± 24.8 | 51.6 ± 30.6 |
| IL-1/IL-10 | 0.6 ± 0.7 | 0.5 ± 0.5 | 0.4 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.3 |
**
p<0.001 using the Kruskal-Wallis test.