Table 2. Plasma cytokine profile of Fungisome treated patients.
| Cytokines (pg/ml) | Before treatment (n = 21) | 1 week after Fungisome treatment | At the time of relapse (n = 8) | After AmB treatment (n = 8) | |
| Responders (n = 13) | Non-responders (n = 8) | ||||
| IFN-γ | 23.79 (2.07) | 22.22 (1.79) | 15.63 (2.65) | 23.19 (4.6) | 23.35 (2.33) |
| IL-12 | 222.8 (19.76) | 107.2 (18.14)a | 172.5 (25.83) | 182.9 (27.20) | 100.4 (19.93)a, c |
| TNF | 19.44 (7.74) | 28.22 (15.11) | 17.13 (4.90) | 22.36 (7.72) | 11.18 (2.80) |
| IL-10 | 62.69 (6.01) | 30.58 (2.65)a, b | 47.69 (6.61) | 48.31 (5.22) | 28.50 (1.55)a, c |
| TGF-β | 1507 (193.1) | 1450 (330.8) | 1700 (313.5) | 1581 (393.2) | 1400 (320.7) |
Plasma cytokine levels were measured by ELISA from all the 3 groups of patients, before treatment, 1 week after Fungisome treatment, at the time of relapse, and again after AmB treatment. Data are represented as mean (SEM). P values were calculated using Mann-Whitney U test for unpaired samples; P<0.05 was considered significant.
a
Significantly different from VL patients before treatment (P<0.005).
b
Significantly different from non-responders 1 week after Fungisome treatment (P<0.05).
c
Significantly different from the time of relapse (P<0.05).