Table 2.
Patient’s Characteristics and Clinical Predictors for Overall Survival
| Variable | No. of Patients | No. of Deaths | MST (months) | P (log-rank) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.48 | |||
| Female | 281 | 235 | 17.5 | |
| Male | 425 | 333 | 16.8 | |
| Age (years) | 0.22 | |||
| ≤ 50 | 90 | 80 | 16.4 | |
| 51–60 | 181 | 142 | 18.4 | |
| 61–70 | 272 | 213 | 17.2 | |
| > 70 | 163 | 133 | 16.5 | |
| Race | 0.63 | |||
| White | 624 | 502 | 16.6 | |
| Hispanic | 43 | 35 | 16.8 | |
| Black | 27 | 21 | 20.2 | |
| Other | 12 | 10 | 17.3 | |
| Clinical Stage | <0.001 | |||
| Localized | 333 | 237 | 28.5 | |
| Locally Advanced | 211 | 188 | 14.7 | |
| Metastatic | 162 | 143 | 9.2 | |
| Performance Status | <0.001 | |||
| 0 | 148 | 106 | 31.0 | |
| 1 | 483 | 394 | 16.0 | |
| 2–3 | 75 | 68 | 9.5 | |
| Tumor Size (cm) | <0.001 | |||
| ≤ 2 | 134 | 94 | 27.5 | |
| > 2 | 572 | 474 | 15.3 | |
| Tumor Site | 0.001 | |||
| Head | 511 | 411 | 18.2 | |
| Non-head | 195 | 157 | 13.7 | |
| CA 19-9 (U/ml) | <0.001 | |||
| ≤ 47 | 161 | 107 | 32.1 | |
| 48–500 | 291 | 237 | 18.0 | |
| 500–1000 | 73 | 60 | 14.5 | |
| > 1000 | 181 | 164 | 10.6 | |
| Tumor Differentiation† | <0.001 | |||
| Well to Moderate | 355 | 261 | 26.2 | |
| Poorly | 139 | 120 | 12.0 | |
| Tumor Response to Therapy‡ | <0.001 | |||
| PR/SD | 225 | 146 | 35.8 | |
| PD | 36 | 35 | 9.3 | |
| Tumor Resection | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 275 | 179 | 35.9 | |
| No | 431 | 389 | 12.0 | |
| Biochemical Index* | 0.008 | |||
| 0–2 | 303 | 230 | 18.9 | |
| 3–6 | 362 | 302 | 16.0 | |
| 7–9 | 41 | 36 | 12.9 |
MST, median survival time; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; CA 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; PD, progressive disease.
This information was available for patients with cytological diagnosis only.
Tumor response to therapy was evaluated in patients received preoperative chemoradiotherapy by CT at restaging. Node and margin status was evaluated in surgical patients only.
Biochemical index represents the number of serum markers with abnormal value. The markers include aspartate aminotransferase, lactic dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, amylase, creatinine, hemoglobin, albumin, bilirubin, and fasting glucose.