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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jul 28.
Published in final edited form as: Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jul 13;88(2):412–419. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfi256

FIG. 3.

FIG. 3

Influence of cadmium oxide and different types of nanoparticles on the membrane integrity of the C18–4 spermatogonial stem cells after 48 h incubation. At the end of the incubation period, the amount of LDH released into the medium was measured by spectrophotometric analysis as described in Materials and Methods. Each panel is a composite of two experiments, with n ≥ 3 for each point.*Statistically significant difference compared with controls (p < 0.05). A. LDH membrane leakage in presence of different concentrations of cadmium chloride and cadmium oxide. B. LDH membrane leakage in presence of different concentrations of silver carbonate and silver nanoparticles (Ag—15 nm). C. LDH membrane leakage in presence of different concentrations of aluminum chloride and aluminum nanoparticles (Al—30 nm). D. LDH membrane leakage in presence of different concentrations of sodium molybdate and molybdenum nanoparticles (MoO3—30 nm).