Table 1.
Comparison of patients with normal and elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnI)
| Variable | Normal cTni (n = 252) |
Elevated cTnI (n = 62) |
P | % missing g values* |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 83 ± 11 | 85 ± 12 | 0.18 | 0% |
| Age >80 years | 179/252 (71) | 199/262 (76) | 0.23 | 0% |
| Male sex | 109/252 (43) | 87/262 (33) | 0.02 | 0% |
| Katz index | 6 (3 to 6) | 5 (2 to 6) | 0.006 | 20.4% |
| Living in an institution | 48/252 (19) | 63/262 (24) | 0.24 | 0% |
| Transportation to the hospital in an ambulance | 241/252 (96) | 253/262 (96) | 1.00 | 0% |
| Pre-existing disease | ||||
| Hypertension | 100/249 (40) | 86/256 (33) | 0.14 | 1.8% |
| Coronary artery disease | 57/249 (23) | 89/256 (35) | 0.004 | 1.8% |
| Heart failure | 29/249 (12) | 30/256 (12) | 1.00 | 1.8% |
| Diabetes | 32/249 (13) | 35/256 (14) | 0.79 | 1.8% |
| Cancer | 30/249 (12) | 12/256 (5) | 0.003 | 1.8% |
| Chronic medications | ||||
| Diuretics | 85/247 (34) | 92/247 (37) | 0.57 | 3.9% |
| CEI or AII I | 51/247 (21) | 60/247 (24) | 0.39 | 3.9% |
| Beta-blockers | 39/247 (16) | 27/247 (11) | 0.15 | 3.9% |
| Calcium inhibitors | 38/247 (15) | 45/247 (18) | 0.47 | 3.9% |
| Nitrates | 35/247 (14) | 61/247 (24) | 0.004 | 3.9% |
| Inotropic drugs | 25/247 (10) | 35/247 (14) | 0.21 | 3.9% |
| Antiarrhythmic drugs | 33/247 (13) | 19/247 (8) | 0.06 | 3.9% |
| Anticoagulant or antiaggregants | 110/247 (44) | 101/247 (41) | 0.47 | 3.9% |
| Statines | 20/247 (8) | 14/247 (6) | 0.37 | 3.9% |
| Clinical signs | ||||
| Core temperature (°C) | 39.9 ± 1.1 | 40.6 ± 1.3 | <0.001 | 0% |
| Core temperature >40°C | 105/252 (42) | 176/262 (67) | <0.001 | 0% |
| SBP (mmHg) | 120 ± 37 | 104 ± 42 | <0.001 | 0% |
| SBP <100 mmHg | 31/214 (12) | 74/254 (29) | <0.001 | 0% |
| Glasgow coma scale | 15 (13 to 15) | 12 (6 to 15) | <0.001 | 10.0% |
| Glasgow coma scale <12 | 41/227 (18) | 118/237 (50) | <0.001 | 10.0% |
| Oxygen saturation (%) | 93 (90 to 96) | 92 (88 to 95) | 0.01 | 26.5% |
| Oxygen saturation <90% † | 36/173 (21) | 66/205 (32) | 0.015 | 26.5% |
| Biological variables (blood) | ||||
| Leucocytes (G/L) | 12,128 ± 8,914 | 13,834 ± 6,902 | 0.017 | 3.2% |
| Plasma sodium (mmol/L) | 137 ± 9 | 138 ± 11 | 0.08 | 1.8% |
| Hypernatremia (>145 mmol/L) | 33/250 (13) | 49/255 (19) | 0.07 | 1.8% |
| Creatinine (μmol/L) | 119 ± 66 | 155 ± 85 | <0.001 | 1.9% |
| Creatinine >120 μmol/L | 93/247 (38) | 155//257 (64) | <0.001 | 1.9% |
| Bicarbonates (mmol/L) | 24.6 ± 4.0 | 22.1 ± 4.5 | <0.001 | 3.5% |
| Arterial pH | 7.42 ± 0.05 | 7.39 ± 0.10 | 0.006 | 89.5% |
| Infection | 93/248 (37) | 79/259 (30) | 0.11 | 1.4% |
| Therapeutic cooling | 181/252 (72) | 195/262 (74) | 0.55 | 0% |
| Admitted to ICU | 9/252 (4) | 26/262 (10) | 0.005 | 0% |
| Critically ill | 47/247 (19) | 134/259 (52) | <0.001 | 1.6% |
| Risk score | 8 (6 to 11) | 12 (8 to 16) | <0.001 | 15.9% |
| Risk score categories § | ||||
| - low | 63/228 (28) | 27/238 (11) | ||
| - intermediate | 128/228 (56) | 101/238 (42) | <0.001 | 9.3% |
| - high | 37/228 (16) | 110/238 (46) |
Data are mean + SD, median [25 to 75 interquartile, or number (%).
†, measured using pulse oximetry. *, % of missing values were provided for the global population (no significant differences between the two groups). ¶ despite some missing values precludes exact calculation of the risk score, the risk score category could be allocated to 34 patients because these missing values were not able to modify it.
AII I: angiotensin II inhibitors; CEI: converting enzyme inhibitor; SBP: systolic arterial blood pressure.