Figure 2.

Impact of TIRAP/Mal or TLR4 polymorphisms or their combinations on monocyte release of IL-6 and TNF-α following LPS-stimulation. Monocytes were isolated from patients on day 1 after diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Cells were then stimulated in vitro with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 hours, and IL-6 content was assessed by ELISA as described in the Materials and Methods section. Shown are mean values ± standard deviation. Patient numbers are as described in Figure 1. SE, standard error; WT, wild type.