Table 3.
Association of PADI4 haplotypes, HLA-DRB1 SE alleles and smoking with susceptibility to erosive and non-erosive RA*
| Controls, No | All RA cases | Erosive RA | Non-erosive RA | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subgroup | No. | OR (95% CI) | No. | OR (95% CI) | No. | OR (95% CI) | |
| GTG-negative† | 378 | 366 | 1 | 299 | 1 | 67 | 1 |
| GTG-positive | 625 | 945 | 1.64 (1.31 to 2.05) | 771 | 1.62 (1.29 to 2.05) | 174 | 1.62 (1.14 to 2.31) |
| SE-negative | 644 | 429 | 1 | 346 | 1 | 83 | 1 |
| SE-positive | 359 | 882 | 4.31 (3.49 to 5.32) | 724 | 4.45 (3.55 to 5.57) | 158 | 4.16 (2.97 to 5.83) |
| Non-smoking | 856 | 1,089 | 1 | 904 | 1 | 185 | 1 |
| Smoking | 134 | 197 | 2.28 (1.47 to 3.52) | 146 | 2.01 (1.25 to 3.25) | 51 | 3.83 (2.02 to 7.27) |
* Values are the number of subjects. OR and 95% CI for GTG carriage versus non-carriage were adjusted for age, sex, SE alleles and smoking. OR and 95% CI for SE carriage versus non-carriage were adjusted for age, sex, GTG carriage and smoking. OR and 95% CI for smoking versus non-smoking were adjusted for age, sex, GTG carriage and SE alleles. Erosive RA cases were classified as Steinbrocker scores II-IV. RA, rheumatoid arthritis; anti-CCP, anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide autoantibody; OR, odds ratios; CI, confidence intervals.
† Three subjects (two RA patients and one control) who carried ACC and a rare haplotype were excluded from the analysis and hence the GTG-negative subjects carried only ACC/ACC.