Table 1.

Strict discharge criteria for outpatient tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Preoperative considerations

Normal renal function (i.e.. serum creatinine <1.2 mg/dL or 106 μmol/L)   No medical condition necessitating admission (i.e., ASA class 1 or 2)

Age >18

Intraoperative considerations

Proper technique of percutaneous access at tip of calyx

No evidence of UTI (i.e., non-purulent urine and negative pre-op urine culture)

No dilation of a long narrow infundibulum

Minimal hemorrhage

No perforation of collecting system

Minimal (less than 2 minutes) or no intracorporeal lithotripsy

Stone free endoscopically and fluoroscopically

Operating room time <2 hours

Postoperative considerations

Minimal or no pain

Minimal or no flank leakage

No urinary retention

Minimal or no hematuria

Stable vital signs

Reliable patient, compliant with postoperative instructions

Patient lives/stays close to hospital, quick access to the emergency room

ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists; UTI = urinary tract infection.