Table 1.

Examples of selenoproteins in human diseases

Disorder	Cause	Selenoprotein or cofactor	Function	Reference(s)
Keshan disease	Selenium deficiency/coxsackie B virus	Various, GPX?	??	[10]
Kashin–Beck disease	Selenium/iodine deficiency	DIO	Thyroid hormone production	[34]
Epilepsy	Selenium deficiency?	GPX?	Oxidative stress	[197]
Multiminicore disease	Mutations	SelN	Calcium signalling	[39]
Thyroid dysfunction	Mutations	SBP2	Selenoprotein synthesis	[205]
Inflammation responses	Polymorphisms	SelS	Removal of misfolded proteins	[136]
Neurodegeneration	??	SelP, SelM, ??	Oxidative stress	[175]
Cancer	Polymorphisms/Expression	GPX1, GPX2 and GPX4, SelS, SelP, Sep15, TRXR	Various	[10,145,147,148]
HIV	Virus	TRXR1, GPX?	Viral gene expression, oxidative stress	[220]