Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics According to Incident (Women’s Health Study) or Prevalent (Copenhagen City Heart Study) Type 2 Diabetes
| Women’s Health Study | Copenhagen City Heart Study | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No Diabetes N=25,076 | Diabetes N=1,670 | P | No Diabetes N=9,233 | Diabetes N=419 | P | |
| Men, % | 0 | 0 | 42.9 | 60.4 | <0.001 | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 54.6 (7.1) | 54.6 (6.5) | 0.93 | 58.0 (15.4) | 65.9 (10.5) | <0.001 |
| Current smoking, % | 11.5 | 13.0 | 0.06 | 49.2 | 43.5 | 0.02 |
| Hypertension, % | 22.4 | 47.1 | <0.001 | 54.5 | 76.3 | <0.001 |
| Postmenopausal status (women), % | 53.9 | 55.6 | <0.001 | 73.0 | 93.9 | <0.001 |
| Postmenopausal hormone use (women), % | 44.2 | 40.4 | 0.002 | 19.2 | 9.7 | 0.003 |
| Fasting, % | 75.8 | 78.6 | 0.01 | 0 | 0 | |
| Body mass index, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 25.4 (4.6) | 30.6 (6.0) | <0.001 | 25.5 (4.3) | 28.5 (5.3) | <0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes, % | 23.4 | 43.6 | <0.001 | 12.9 | 33.8 | <0.001 |
| Plasma concentrations, median (25th to 75th percentile) | ||||||
| Lp(a), mg/dL | 10.7 (4.5–33.1) | 9.5 (3.6–29.3) | <0.001 | 17.4 (5.7–39.9) | 15.7 (3.0–38.0) | 0.006 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 208 (183–235) | 213 (187–242) | <0.001 | 236 (205–271) | 240 (205–271) | 0.30 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 121 (100–144) | 126 (104–152) | <0.001 | 142 (115–173) | 139 (110–171) | 0.13 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 53 (44–63) | 42 (36–50) | <0.001 | 58 (46–74) | 46 (39–58) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 115 (82–167) | 174 (126–247) | <0.001 | 134 (96–193) | 204 (137–317) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin A1c,% | 4.98 (4.83–5.15) | 5.28 (5.07–5.53) | <0.001 | -- | -- | |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 1.83 (0.74–3.98) | 4.22 (2.26–7.33) | <0.001 | 1.72 (1.25–2.92) | 2.88 (1.65–5.37) | <0.001 |
P values were obtained from Student’s t-tests for continuous variables expressed as means, Kruskal-Wallis tests for variables expressed as medians, and chi-square tests for categorical variables.