Table 5.
Mean (standard deviation) scores on literacy tests in relation to which criteria met for language impairment, for clinically referred (CR) and not referred (NR) groups
| Referral × DFA LI categorization | TOWRE words | TOWRE non-words | NARA accuracy | NARA comprehension | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not referred group (NR) | ||||
| A. Unimpaired on DFA (n=149) | 98.3 | 99.1 | 98.8 | 100.0 | 
| (10.25) | (16.43) | (15.92) | (13.38) | |
| B. LI on DFA (n=44) | 81.0 | 80.5 | 78.8 | 81.1 | 
| (12.74) | (13.92) | (11.55) | (7.77) | |
| Clinically referred group (CR) | ||||
| C. Unimpaired on DFA (n=14) | 97.5 | 98.8 | 96.7 | 97.0 | 
| (19.15) | (17.15) | (19.84) | (16.57) | |
| D. LI on DFA (n=38) | 86.9 | 86.7 | 86.4 | 90.2 | 
| (15.57) | (17.12) | (15.64) | (13.73) | 
DFA, discriminant function analysis; LI, language impairment.