Table 2.

Plasmodium Dynamics of Parasitemia

Species	Mean Temperature Threshold for Sporogony, °C	Sporogony Length, days × minimum degrees	Hepatic Hypnozoite	Average Duration of Untreated Infection, months	Maximum Duration of Untreated Infection, years	Erythrocyte Cycle, hours	Age of Infected Erythrocyte	Prepatent Period, days	Pyrogenic Density, parasites/μL	Peak Parasitemia Range, parasites/μL	Peak Parasitemia Geometric Mean, parasites/μL	Gametocyte Density, parasites/μL
Plasmodium falciparum	16	111	No	2	2	48	All	8–15	1,000	1,000–1,000,000	5,000–50,000	1–10,000
Plasmodium vivax	14.5	105	Yes	1	4	48	Reticulocyte	9–15	100–200	600–20,000	8,600	1–1,000
Plasmodium ovale		—a	Yes	2–4	4	48	Reticulocyte	12–20	100–200	400–30,000	6–7,000	—a
Plasmodium malariae	16	144	No	2–24	>40	72	Old	16–60	3,000	1,000–50,000	9,000	1–300

^a—, not established.